112-12 Certified Secure Computer User Exam Dumps

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Certified Secure Computer User 112-12 exam is one for Secure Computer User Specialist (CSCU) Certification. Learning EC-Council 112-12 exam information is the first step for you to study. There are 50 multiple-choice questions in real EC-Council 112-12 exam, and you have 2 hours to answer all the questions. You can register 112-12 exam at EC-Council Exam Portal. We provide the latest EC-Council 112-12 exam dumps, which are useful for you to get certified. Free Certified Secure Computer User 112-12 exam dumps are available below.

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1. Which of the following best describes data security?

Measures to protect data from unauthorized access.

The process of ensuring data is stored in physical locations only.

Backup and recovery techniques for cloud data.

Procedures to duplicate data across multiple locations.

2. Which is NOT a core element of security?

Confidentiality

Data auditing

Integrity

Availability

3. What does the CIA triad aim to achieve?

Regulatory compliance

Comprehensive data security

Data processing efficiency

Encryption protocols

4. Data breaches primarily threaten which aspect of the CIA triad?

Integrity

Confidentiality

Availability

All of the above

5. Which of the following can compromise data integrity? (Choose two)

Unauthorized modifications

Man-in-the-middle attacks

User authentication failures

Distributed denial-of-service attacks

6. What is the first step in establishing a secure computing environment?

Regular software updates

Identifying and classifying assets

Encrypting all data

Installing a firewall

7. Which type of security loss occurs due to a ransomware attack?

Loss of availability

Loss of confidentiality

Loss of integrity

Regulatory penalties

8. An insider threat can compromise which elements of the CIA triad?

Confidentiality only

Integrity and availability only

Confidentiality, integrity, and availability

None of the above

9. What is the primary risk of unencrypted sensitive data?

Increased storage costs

Loss of data availability

Exposure during unauthorized access

Longer processing times

10. Which of the following are potential losses due to security attacks? (Choose two)

Financial loss

Reduced system performance

Increased regulatory oversight

Damage to reputation

Page 2 of 15

11. What is an example of a loss of integrity?

Inaccessible systems due to a DDoS attack

Tampered financial transaction records

Exposure of encrypted data

Unauthorized file downloads

12. Which attack is an example of compromising availability?

Phishing

Denial-of-service

Malware installation

Credential theft

13. What is the goal of a security policy?

To enforce organizational structure

To outline measures for protecting assets

To identify potential attackers

To ensure software usability

14. Which of the following is a characteristic of effective data encryption?

Publicly available encryption keys

Limited application to sensitive data

Protection against unauthorized access during transmission

Reduced performance of network systems

15. Why is regular security training important?

To avoid compliance penalties

To keep employees informed about evolving threats

To reduce encryption overhead

To maintain software licensing requirements

16. Which component is essential for mitigating phishing attacks?

Spam filters

Advanced encryption methods

Physical security measures

Hardware-based firewalls

17. What is the primary purpose of access control?

Securing physical server locations

Ensuring users can view all organizational data

Limiting data access based on roles or permissions

Backing up sensitive information

18. An organization's online store becomes unavailable due to a cyberattack.

What loss does this represent?

Loss of integrity

Loss of availability

Loss of confidentiality

Financial gain

19. Which of the following best reduces the risk of unauthorized data access?

Implementing strong password policies

Regularly updating hardware devices

Limiting network bandwidth

Performing frequent hardware audits

20. Which two security measures address both confidentiality and integrity?

Access control and encryption

Multi-factor authentication and redundancy

Firewall implementation and monitoring

Backups and disaster recovery plans

Page 3 of 15

21. Which of the following is a primary objective of data classification?

Enhance system performance

Reduce storage requirements

Prioritize security measures based on data sensitivity

Enable universal data sharing across departments

22. What is a potential impact of a successful social engineering attack?

Unauthorized data access

Network hardware failure

System performance optimization

Improved compliance policies

23. Which type of data is typically most at risk during transit?

Encrypted data

Redundant backup files

Unencrypted sensitive data

Archived files

24. Which of these is an example of a technical control in data security?

Security policies

User awareness training

Firewalls

Incident response planning

25. What is the primary purpose of multi-factor authentication (MFA)?

To reduce password reset requests

To enhance user convenience

To strengthen access security by requiring multiple verification methods

To eliminate the need for strong passwords

26. Which are the key advantages of encryption? (Choose two)

Protects data integrity

Simplifies compliance requirements

Ensures data confidentiality

Reduces the need for backups

27. Which of the following can result in data availability loss?

Unauthorized data encryption by attackers

Accidental deletion of critical files

Prolonged hardware failure

All of the above

28. What is the most effective way to prevent brute-force attacks on passwords?

Use firewalls to block traffic

Require strong password policies and lockout mechanisms

Encrypt all password files

Implement biometric authentication

29. What kind of attack involves overwhelming a server with traffic to make it unavailable?

Phishing attack

Denial-of-service attack

Malware injection

Social engineering attack

30. What is the role of a firewall in data security?

Encrypt sensitive information

Monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic

Authenticate users before granting system access

Prevent physical access to servers

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31. What is the best way to minimize insider threats?

Monitor network traffic continuously

Restrict employee access to only necessary data

Implement network segmentation

Encrypt all communications

32. Which two are common causes of data breaches?

Poor password management

Hardware malfunctions

Social engineering attacks

Lack of data backups

33. Which of the following best describes a zero-day vulnerability?

A known security flaw with no existing patches

A flaw exploited after a patch is released

An outdated security protocol

A misconfigured firewall setting

34. What is a key benefit of using network segmentation?

Improved system performance

Reduced impact of breaches on critical systems

Faster data backups

Enhanced physical security

35. What is the primary objective of a vulnerability assessment?

Identify and prioritize system vulnerabilities

Replace outdated software

Implement disaster recovery plans

Encrypt sensitive data

36. Which are potential impacts of a loss of confidentiality? (Choose two)

Identity theft

Data corruption

Financial losses

Service unavailability

37. Which type of malware encrypts files and demands payment for access?

Spyware

Ransomware

Worms

Adware

38. Why is regular patch management critical?

To ensure hardware longevity

To reduce downtime during updates

To fix known vulnerabilities and prevent exploits

To simplify system configurations

39. What is the best practice for securing sensitive data stored in the cloud?

Storing it in unstructured formats

Using strong encryption methods

Avoiding access control mechanisms

Reducing the number of backups

40. Which two measures can enhance both data integrity and availability?

Regular data backups and hash verification

Firewalls and intrusion detection systems

Biometric authentication and monitoring

Security awareness training and disaster recovery plans

Page 5 of 15

41. Which of the following defines data security?

A method of ensuring physical protection of data.

Measures to safeguard data from unauthorized access or corruption.

Techniques for data duplication and storage.

Ensuring all systems are interconnected.

42. Which are the main components of the CIA triad in security?

Authentication, Integrity, Availability

Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability

Confidentiality, Accessibility, Authentication

Authorization, Authentication, Access

43. What is the primary goal of confidentiality in the CIA triad?

To restrict unauthorized access to sensitive data.

To ensure all data is backed up.

To protect systems from malware.

To provide 24/7 access to systems.

44. A distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack primarily affects which aspect of security?

Integrity

Confidentiality

Availability

Authentication

45. Which of the following are considered potential losses due to security attacks? (Choose two)

Financial losses

Improved system performance

Loss of customer trust

Reduction in data redundancy

46. What is a key purpose of encryption in data security?

To make data readily accessible.

To ensure data is transmitted securely.

To reduce the need for firewalls.

To optimize system performance.

47. An employee accidentally deletes critical files.

What type of loss does this represent?

Loss of confidentiality

Loss of availability

Loss of integrity

Regulatory non-compliance

48. What is the role of authentication in data security?

To protect against phishing attacks.

To verify the identity of users accessing a system.

To enable encryption of sensitive data.

To prevent hardware malfunctions.

49. Which of the following ensures data availability?

Frequent data backups and redundancy measures

Strong passwords and encryption methods

Firewalls and intrusion detection systems

Regular software updates

50. Which two actions can protect the integrity of data?

Implementing strong access controls

Performing regular data backups

Encrypting data during transmission

Using hashing techniques for data validation

Page 6 of 15

51. Which term refers to an unauthorized entity gaining access to sensitive data?

Data breach

Data masking

Data redundancy

Data audit

52. Which element of security prevents unauthorized data modification?

Availability

Confidentiality

Integrity

Scalability

53. A ransomware attack primarily affects which security element?

Confidentiality

Availability

Integrity

Scalability

54. What is the first step in a robust data security strategy?

Encrypting all sensitive files

Identifying and classifying sensitive data

Deploying a firewall

Implementing multi-factor authentication

55. Which two practices enhance confidentiality in data security?

Encryption and access controls

Firewalls and disaster recovery plans

Data redundancy and hashing

Incident response plans and backups

56. What is the key benefit of multi-factor authentication (MFA)?

Simplifies password management

Enhances system performance

Increases security by requiring multiple credentials

Eliminates the need for strong passwords

57. Which of the following are potential impacts of a phishing attack? (Choose two)

Unauthorized data access

System hardware damage

Credential theft

Improved network speed

58. What is the purpose of access control in security?

To secure physical servers

To restrict unauthorized access to data and systems

To create user accounts

To prevent phishing emails

59. Which type of attack often leads to identity theft?

Phishing

Man-in-the-middle

Denial-of-service

Malware

60. What is a potential consequence of unpatched software vulnerabilities?

Reduced encryption strength

Unauthorized system access by attackers

Improved system speed

Increased network redundancy

Page 7 of 15

61. What is the purpose of data masking in data security?

Encrypt data during transmission.

Obscure sensitive data for non-production environments.

Improve data availability in redundant systems.

Facilitate faster data recovery.

62. Which attack method is specifically designed to compromise the availability of a system?

Phishing

Denial-of-service (DoS)

Man-in-the-middle

Ransomware

63. What is a key element of ensuring data integrity?

Implementing strict access controls

Using hashing algorithms for data validation

Encrypting data during transmission

Restricting physical access to servers

64. Which two measures help maintain the availability of data during an attack?

Data redundancy and failover systems

Strong passwords and encryption

Multi-factor authentication and hashing

Firewalls and intrusion detection systems

65. Which of the following best describes a man-in-the-middle attack?

Exploiting software vulnerabilities to gain access.

Intercepting and altering communications between two parties.

Overloading systems with traffic to deny service.

Distributing malware to gain system control.

66. What is the main purpose of disaster recovery plans in data security?

Prevent phishing attacks.

Ensure rapid recovery after a security incident.

Enhance system performance.

Monitor and log system activity.

67. Which two factors contribute to the loss of confidentiality in a system?

Weak password policies

Data encryption during transmission

Lack of access controls

Hashing techniques for validation

68. What is the key characteristic of ransomware attacks?

Encrypting data to restrict access until a ransom is paid.

Infecting systems with malicious spyware.

Overloading systems with fake traffic.

Intercepting communication between devices.

69. What is the role of intrusion detection systems (IDS) in security?

Prevent unauthorized access.

Detect and alert administrators of potential breaches.

Encrypt sensitive communications.

Enhance physical security measures.

70. Which security measure best prevents phishing attacks?

Regular employee awareness training

Strong encryption algorithms

Redundant backups of sensitive data

Biometric access controls

Page 8 of 15

71. Which of the following contributes to a loss of data availability?

Unauthorized encryption by ransomware

Weak password policies

Secure data backups

Strong access control mechanisms

72. What is a primary function of encryption in data security?

Improve system performance.

Prevent unauthorized access to data.

Enable seamless data sharing.

Reduce storage requirements.

73. Which are common potential losses from a data breach? (Choose two)

Financial penalties

Enhanced system performance

Loss of customer trust

Increased data redundancy

74. What is the primary advantage of implementing access controls?

To speed up system processes.

To restrict unauthorized access to sensitive information.

To simplify data encryption.

To reduce the need for system audits.

75. Which of the following best describes a zero-day attack?

Exploiting a known vulnerability without a patch.

Attacking systems after a vulnerability is patched.

Using outdated software for malicious purposes.

Monitoring network traffic for suspicious activity.

76. What is a key characteristic of hashing in security?

Converts data into unreadable encrypted formats.

Verifies data integrity by detecting unauthorized changes.

Ensures uninterrupted access to sensitive information.

Enhances data redundancy for recovery purposes.

77. Which of the following reduces the impact of insider threats?

Encrypting data at rest.

Implementing role-based access controls.

Using redundant storage systems.

Regularly updating antivirus software.

78. What is the most effective way to mitigate risks associated with unpatched vulnerabilities?

Encrypting sensitive data.

Implementing a regular patch management process.

Conducting monthly data audits.

Limiting network bandwidth.

79. Which security measure protects data in transit?

Firewalls

Encryption protocols

Multi-factor authentication

Data backups

80. Which two actions enhance both confidentiality and availability?

Data encryption and failover systems

Role-based access controls and redundant backups

Regular data audits and physical security

Disaster recovery plans and hashing techniques

Page 9 of 15

81. Which of the following is the primary characteristic of malware?

Software designed to enhance system performance.

Software intended to disrupt, damage, or gain unauthorized access.

Software that prevents unauthorized access.

Software that only affects outdated operating systems.

82. Which type of malware encrypts user data and demands payment for its release?

Spyware

Ransomware

Worms

Adware

83. Which type of malware records user activities without their consent?

Trojans

Adware

Spyware

Worms

84. What is the main purpose of antivirus software?

To enhance system performance.

To prevent and remove malware infections.

To encrypt sensitive data.

To reduce the need for system backups.

85. Which of the following is a characteristic of worms?

Requires user intervention to spread.

Replicates itself to spread across networks.

Disguises itself as legitimate software.

Steals personal information via phishing.

86. What is a Trojan horse in the context of malware?

A type of malware that spreads without user interaction.

Malware disguised as legitimate software.

A malicious program that targets network hardware.

A virus embedded in hardware devices.

87. Which two features are commonly found in antivirus software?

Real-time scanning and scheduled scans

Data encryption and physical security

Intrusion detection and firewall settings

Multi-factor authentication and password management

88. What should be done after installing antivirus software?

Disconnect the system from the internet.

Update the software and run a full system scan.

Disable real-time scanning to improve performance.

Perform a factory reset on the system.

89. Which type of malware modifies its code to avoid detection?

Polymorphic malware

Spyware

Adware

Keylogger

90. Which of the following is a step to prevent malware infections? (Choose two)

Regularly update operating systems and software.

Avoid using antivirus software to reduce system overhead.

Open email attachments from unknown senders.

Download software only from trusted sources.

Page 10 of 15

91. How does adware affect a system?

Encrypts system files until a ransom is paid.

Displays unwanted advertisements, sometimes compromising privacy.

Deletes critical system files.

Modifies system settings to reduce performance.

92. What is the first step in the process of installing antivirus software?

Running a full system scan.

Checking the system for existing malware.

Downloading the software from a trusted source.

Updating the software definitions.

93. What is the primary difference between a virus and a worm?

A virus replicates only via user interaction, while a worm spreads automatically.

A virus targets hardware, while a worm targets networks.

A virus encrypts data, while a worm deletes files.

A virus is easier to detect than a worm.

94. What is the role of a quarantine feature in antivirus software?

Deleting all detected malware files.

Isolating suspicious files to prevent them from running.

Backing up infected files for recovery.

Encrypting files to protect them from malware.

95. Which type of malware is designed to track keyboard input?

Ransomware

Keylogger

Worm

Trojan horse

96. What is the purpose of real-time scanning in antivirus software?

To scan the system only during idle times.

To monitor and detect threats as they occur.

To analyze encrypted files for malware.

To speed up the system’s processing time.

97. Which two steps should be taken to ensure antivirus effectiveness?

Schedule regular scans and keep software updated.

Disable real-time protection and use manual scans.

Remove software firewalls and enable default settings.

Install multiple antivirus programs for redundancy.

98. What is the primary risk of not updating antivirus software regularly?

Slower system performance.

Inability to detect new types of malware.

Reduced file storage capacity.

Increased encryption overhead.

99. What is the best method to remove stubborn malware from a system?

Reinstalling the operating system.

Running an antivirus scan in safe mode.

Disabling internet connectivity.

Restarting the system in normal mode.

100. Which two factors improve antivirus software efficiency?

Frequent updates and real-time protection

Increased CPU performance and reduced scans

Uninstalling unused software and firewalls

Disabling non-essential system processes

Page 11 of 15

101. What is a primary goal of antivirus software?

Enhance system speed.

Detect, prevent, and remove malicious software.

Provide network optimization features.

Backup sensitive files.

102. Which malware type disguises itself as legitimate software?

Spyware

Trojan horse

Worm

Ransomware

103. What is the role of automatic updates in antivirus software?

Improve system performance.

Ensure the antivirus recognizes and combats new malware.

Encrypt user data for security.

Scan hardware for physical issues.

104. Which two actions should be avoided to prevent malware infections?

Clicking on suspicious email links

Using outdated antivirus software

Running full system scans regularly

Avoiding public Wi-Fi for sensitive tasks

105. Which type of malware can replicate itself and spread without user intervention?

Virus

Worm

Spyware

Adware

106. What is the purpose of a scheduled scan in antivirus software?

To detect and remove malware periodically.

To encrypt all sensitive files automatically.

To boost system processing speeds.

To update operating system drivers.

107. Which two steps should be taken when a system is suspected of malware infection?

Disconnect from the internet and run a malware scan.

Disable antivirus software to improve system performance.

Restart the system in normal mode.

Enable safe mode and run antivirus software.

108. Which of the following is a key function of heuristic scanning in antivirus software?

Detect known malware using virus definitions.

Identify unknown malware based on behavior patterns.

Encrypt system files for security.

Increase system boot time.

109. What is a common characteristic of spyware?

It displays intrusive advertisements.

It secretly collects user data without consent.

It replicates and spreads across networks.

It encrypts files and demands payment.

110. Which two features are commonly included in advanced antivirus software?

Cloud-based threat analysis and real-time scanning

Biometric authentication and hardware diagnostics

Encrypted backups and password recovery tools

Network optimization and data compression

Page 12 of 15

111. What type of malware opens a backdoor for attackers to access systems?

Worm

Backdoor Trojan

Adware

Spyware

112. Which practice ensures optimal antivirus software performance?

Running scans only during system failures.

Regularly updating virus definitions and software.

Installing multiple antivirus programs simultaneously.

Disabling firewall protection.

113. Which malware often targets financial data by capturing keystrokes?

Keylogger

Adware

Worm

Trojan

114. What is the first step in mitigating a ransomware attack?

Paying the ransom to regain access.

Disconnecting the affected system from the network.

Rebooting the system in safe mode.

Deleting all encrypted files.

115. Which two methods help prevent malware infections?

Avoid downloading files from untrusted sources.

Use multi-factor authentication for sensitive data.

Regularly update antivirus software.

Disable firewalls to enhance speed.

116. What is the function of a firewall in malware prevention?

Encrypting sensitive files during transmission.

Blocking unauthorized access to the network.

Running system diagnostics and backups.

Enhancing system processing speed.

117. Which type of malware often spreads through USB drives and external devices?

Adware

Worm

Trojan

Virus

118. What is a limitation of antivirus software?

It cannot detect polymorphic malware.

It only scans for known threats based on definitions.

It increases the risk of phishing attacks.

It cannot protect against network-based attacks.

119. What is a sandbox environment in antivirus software?

A secured area to quarantine malware for analysis.

A tool to permanently delete infected files.

A setting that disables scanning for trusted programs.

A backup mechanism for encrypted files.

120. Which two strategies improve overall malware prevention?

Regular user awareness training and updating software.

Disabling real-time antivirus protection for speed.

Using strong passwords and regularly clearing cache files.

Employing firewalls and avoiding public Wi-Fi for sensitive tasks.

Page 13 of 15

121. What is the primary goal of internet security?

To enhance internet speed and reliability.

To protect systems and users from online threats.

To enable unrestricted data sharing across networks.

To monitor user activity online.

122. Which of the following is a key feature of secure web browsers?

Built-in malware scanning

Automatic website whitelisting

Secure browsing modes, like HTTPS

Simplified login mechanisms

123. What is a common online threat associated with instant messaging (IM)?

Brute force attacks

Phishing attempts through malicious links

SQL injection

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS)

124. Which feature can enhance browser security?

Disabling auto-updates for extensions

Blocking third-party cookies

Enabling insecure websites by default

Clearing browser history regularly

125. Which of the following is a safe practice for instant messaging?

Accepting file transfers only from trusted contacts

Disabling end-to-end encryption

Using generic usernames for anonymity

Ignoring software updates for IM clients

126. What is a common characteristic of phishing websites?

Use of valid HTTPS certificates

Requests for sensitive information through forms

Offering multifactor authentication

Encrypted data transmissions

127. Which two measures improve web browser security?

Keeping the browser updated and enabling pop-up blockers

Using outdated extensions and disabling secure modes

Allowing third-party cookies and enabling auto-login

Turning off firewalls and running the browser in compatibility mode

128. What is a key feature of end-to-end encryption in instant messaging?

It compresses messages for faster delivery.

It ensures only the sender and receiver can read messages.

It prevents spam messages from reaching users.

It enables automatic backup of all chat data.

129. Which setting should parents enable to improve child online safety?

Automatic password sharing

Parental control filters for inappropriate content

Anonymous browsing features

Unlimited access to social media

130. What is the purpose of a sandbox mode in a web browser?

To block all cookies from being stored.

To isolate untrusted websites and prevent malicious activity.

To allow unrestricted access to online resources.

To share browsing data with third-party apps.

Page 14 of 15

131. Which two practices can enhance child online safety?

Educating children on recognizing online threats and enabling safe search modes

Allowing unrestricted online access and disabling monitoring tools

Avoiding antivirus tools and ignoring suspicious activity

Disabling browser security features and installing outdated software

132. Which is a safe browsing habit?

Ignoring browser update notifications

Verifying website authenticity before entering personal data

Storing all passwords in the browser's autofill feature

Clicking pop-up advertisements on secure websites

133. What is the primary goal of browser updates?

To provide user interface improvements

To fix security vulnerabilities and enhance performance

To increase compatibility with older operating systems

To support insecure websites

134. Which type of attack is often carried out through unsecured instant messaging platforms?

Phishing attacks

Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks

SQL injection attacks

Man-in-the-middle attacks

135. Which browser feature minimizes exposure to malicious websites?

Private browsing mode

Active content blocking

Disabling all extensions

Allowing unverified certificates

136. Which two measures improve instant messaging security?

Using encrypted messaging platforms and avoiding public Wi-Fi

Accepting unknown contact requests and disabling app updates

Sharing personal information freely and ignoring suspicious links

Avoiding antivirus tools and enabling default permissions

137. What is the purpose of safe search tools for children?

To block access to all websites.

To filter out inappropriate content in search results.

To allow anonymous browsing.

To enhance browsing speed.

138. What is a common feature of secure instant messaging apps?

Lack of encryption

Automatic logging of all chats

End-to-end encryption of messages

Mandatory data sharing with advertisers

139. What should users avoid while browsing to ensure security?

Clicking on unknown links and downloading unverified files

Using encrypted websites and checking HTTPS

Regularly updating the browser and enabling firewalls

Disabling pop-up blockers and allowing auto-downloads

140. Which is an effective parental control method for child safety online?

Monitoring browser history and using content filtering tools

Allowing unrestricted internet access

Disabling antivirus software to avoid interruptions

Sharing administrator passwords with children

Page 15 of 15

141. What is the purpose of two-factor authentication (2FA) for online accounts?

To provide faster access to online services.

To enhance security by requiring two forms of verification.

To eliminate the need for passwords.

To bypass firewalls during login.

142. Which browser feature helps protect against phishing websites?

Auto-fill forms

Secure browsing with warnings for suspicious websites

Disabled pop-up blockers

Compatibility mode for outdated pages

143. What is the main risk of using public Wi-Fi for instant messaging?

Increased system performance

Exposure to data interception by attackers

Faster file transfers

Decreased battery usage

144. Which two measures can protect children from cyberbullying?

Monitoring social media activity and educating on reporting harmful behavior

Allowing unrestricted access to online forums and games

Ignoring suspicious activities and disabling security controls

Using outdated parental controls and bypassing safe search options

112-12 Certified Secure Computer User Exam Dumps

112-12 Certified Secure Computer User Exam Dumps

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