SCS-C01 AWS Certified Security Specialty Dumps Questions

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SCS-C01 AWS Certified Security Specialty exam is easy to pass now. The online AWS certification SCS-C01 exam dumps questions are the best material in the preparation. There are 65 questions in real AWS SCS-C01 exam, and you have 170 minutes to complete all the questions. The exam cost is $300. Free AWS Certified Security Specialty SCS-C01 dumps questions are available below.

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1. Your IT Security department has mandated that all data on EBS volumes created for underlying EC2 Instances need to be encrypted.

Which of the following can help achieve this?

AWS KMS API

AWS Certificate Manager

API Gateway with STS

IAM Access Key

2. Your company has just started using AWS and created an AWS account. They are aware of the potential issues when root access is enabled.

How can they best safeguard the account when it comes to root access? Choose 2 answers fro the options given below

Delete the root access account

Create an Admin IAM user with the necessary permissions

Change the password for the root account.

Delete the root access keys

3. A developer is creating an AWS Lambda function that requires environment variables to store connection information and logging settings. The developer is required to use an AWS KMS Customer Master Key (CMK> supplied by the information security department in order to adhere to company standards for securing Lambda environment variables.

Which of the following are required for this configuration to work? (Select TWO.)

The developer must configure Lambda access to the VPC using the --vpc-config parameter.

The Lambda function execution role must have the kms:Decrypt- permission added in the AWS IAM policy.

The KMS key policy must allow permissions for the developer to use the KMS key.

The AWS IAM policy assigned to the developer must have the kmseGcnerate-DataKcy permission added.

The Lambda execution role must have the kms:Encrypt permission added in the AWS IAM policy.

4. A company became aware that one of its access keys was exposed on a code sharing website 11 days ago. A Security Engineer must review all use of the exposed access keys to determine the extent of the exposure. The company enabled AWS CloudTrail m an regions when it opened the account

Which of the following will allow (he Security Engineer 10 complete the task?

Filter the event history on the exposed access key in the CloudTrail console Examine the data from the past 11 days.

Use the AWS CLI lo generate an IAM credential report Extract all the data from the past 11 days.

Use Amazon Athena to query the CloudTrail logs from Amazon S3 Retrieve the rows for the exposed access key tor the past 11 days.

Use the Access Advisor tab in the IAM console to view all of the access key activity for the past 11 days.

5. A company has a web-based application using Amazon CloudFront and running on Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The ALB is terminating TLS and balancing load across ECS service tasks A security engineer needs to design a solution to ensure that application content is accessible only through CloudFront and that I is never accessible directly.

How should the security engineer build the MOST secure solution?

Add an origin custom header Set the viewer protocol policy to HTTP and HTTPS Set the origin protocol pokey to HTTPS only Update the application to validate the CloudFront custom header

Add an origin custom header Set the viewer protocol policy to HTTPS only Set the origin protocol policy to match viewer Update the application to validate the CloudFront custom header.

Add an origin custom header Set the viewer protocol policy to redirect HTTP to HTTPS Set the origin protocol policy to HTTP only Update the application to validate the CloudFront custom header.

Add an origin custom header Set the viewer protocol policy to redirect HTTP to HTTP

Set the origin protocol policy to HTTPS only Update the application to validate the CloudFront custom header

6. A company has several Customer Master Keys (CMK), some of which have imported key material. Each CMK must be rotated annually.

What two methods can the security team use to rotate each key? Select 2 answers from the options given below

Enable automatic key rotation for a CMK

Import new key material to an existing CMK

Use the CLI or console to explicitly rotate an existing CMK

Import new key material to a new CMK; Point the key alias to the new CM

Delete an existing CMK and a new default CMK will be created.

7. Which of the following are valid event sources that are associated with web access control lists that trigger AWS WAF rules? (Choose two.)

Amazon S3 static web hosting

Amazon CloudFront distribution

Application Load Balancer

Amazon Route 53

VPC Flow Logs

8. When managing permissions for the API gateway, what can be used to ensure that the right level of permissions are given to developers, IT admins and users? These permissions should be easily managed.

Use the secure token service to manage the permissions for the different users

Use IAM Policies to create different policies for the different types of users.

Use the AWS Config tool to manage the permissions for the different users

Use IAM Access Keys to create sets of keys for the different types of users.

9. A security engineer has noticed an unusually high amount of traffic coming from a single IP address. This was discovered by analyzing the Application Load Balancer's access logs.

How can the security engineer limit the number of requests from a specific IP address without blocking the IP address?

Add a rule to the Application Load Balancer to route the traffic originating from the IP address in question and show a static webpage.

Implement a rate-based rule with AWS WAF

Use AWS Shield to limit the originating traffic hit rate.

Implement the GeoLocation feature in Amazon Route 53.

10. A company is outsourcing its operational support 1o an external company. The company’s security officer must implement an access solution fen delegating operational support that minimizes overhead.

Which approach should the security officer take to meet these requirements?

implement Amazon Cognito identity pools with a role that uses a policy that denies the actions related to Amazon Cognito API management Allow the external company to federate through its identity provider

Federate AWS identity and Access Management (IAM) with the external company's identity provider Create an IAM role and attach a policy with the necessary permissions

Create an IAM group for me external company Add a policy to the group that denies IAM modifications Securely provide the credentials to the eternal company.

Use AWS SSO with the external company's identity provider. Create an IAM group to map to the identity provider user group, and attach a policy with the necessary permissions.

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11. Your company has a set of EC2 Instances defined in AWS. They need to ensure that all traffic packets are monitored and inspected for any security threats.

How can this be achieved? Choose 2 answers from the options given below

Use a host based intrusion detection system

Use a third party firewall installed on a central EC2 instance

Use VPC Flow logs

Use Network Access control lists logging

12. Topic 3, Exam Pool C

You are trying to use the AWS Systems Manager run command on a set of Instances. The run command on a set of Instances.

What can you do to diagnose the issue? Choose 2 answers from the options given

Ensure that the SSM agent is running on the target machine

Check the /var/log/amazon/ssm/errors.log file

Ensure the right AMI is used for the Instance

Ensure the security groups allow outbound communication for the instance

13. The InfoSec team has mandated that in the future only approved Amazon Machine Images (AMIs) can be used.

How can the InfoSec team ensure compliance with this mandate?

Terminate all Amazon EC2 instances and relaunch them with approved AMIs.

Patch all running instances by using AWS Systems Manager.

Deploy AWS Config rules and check all running instances for compliance.

Define a metric filter in Amazon CloudWatch Logs to verify compliance.

14. Compliance requirements state that all communications between company on-premises hosts and EC2 instances be encrypted in transit. Hosts use custom proprietary protocols for their communication, and EC2 instances need to be fronted by a load balancer for increased availability.

Which of the following solutions will meet these requirements?

Offload SSL termination onto an SSL listener on a Classic Load Balancer, and use a TCP connection between the load balancer and the EC2 instances.

Route all traffic through a TCP listener on a Classic Load Balancer, and terminate the TLS connection on the EC2 instances.

Create an HTTPS listener using an Application Load Balancer, and route all of the communication through that load balancer.

Offload SSL termination onto an SSL listener using an Application Load Balancer, and re-spawn and SSL connection between the load balancer and the EC2 instances.

15. A security engineer is asked to update an AW3 CoudTrail log file prefix for an existing trail. When attempting to save the change in the CloudTrail console, the security engineer receives the following error message. "There is a problem with the bucket policy''

What will enable the security engineer to saw the change?

Create a new trail with the updated log file prefix, and then delete the original nail Update the existing bucket policy in the Amazon S3 console with the new log the prefix, and then update the log file prefix in the CloudTrail console

Update the existing bucket policy in the Amazon S3 console to allow the security engineers principal to perform PutBucketPolicy. and then update the log file prefix in the CloudTrail console

Update the existing bucket policy in the Amazon S3 console with the new log file prefix, and then update the log file prefix in the CloudTrail console.

Update the existing bucket policy in the Amazon S3 console to allow the security engineers principal to perform GetBucketPolicy, and then update the log file prefix in the CloudTrail console

16. Your company has a set of EBS volumes defined in AWS. The security mandate is that all EBS volumes are encrypted.

What can be done to notify the IT admin staff if there are any unencrypted volumes in the account.

Use AWS Inspector to inspect all the EBS volumes

Use AWS Config to check for unencrypted EBS volumes

Use AWS Guard duty to check for the unencrypted EBS volumes

Use AWS Lambda to check for the unencrypted EBS volumes

17. Which option for the use of the AWS Key Management Service (KMS) supports key management best practices that focus on minimizing the potential scope of data exposed by a possible future key compromise?

Use KMS automatic key rotation to replace the master key, and use this new master key for future encryption operations without re-encrypting previously encrypted data.

Generate a new Customer Master Key (CMK), re-encrypt all existing data with the new CMK, and use it for all future encryption operations.

Change the CMK alias every 90 days, and update key-calling applications with the new key alias.

Change the CMK permissions to ensure that individuals who can provision keys are not the same individuals who can use the keys.

18. A Security Engineer discovered a vulnerability in an application running on Amazon ECS. The vulnerability allowed attackers to install malicious code. Analysis of the code shows it exfiltrates data on port 5353 in batches at random time intervals.

While the code of the containers is being patched, how can Engineers quickly identify all compromised hosts and stop the egress of data on port 5353?

Enable AWS Shield Advanced and AWS WA

Configure an AWS WAF custom filter for egress traffic on port 5353

Enable Amazon Inspector on Amazon ECS and configure a custom assessment to evaluate containers that have port 5353 open. Update the NACLs to block port 5353 outbound.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch custom metric on the VPC Flow Logs identifying egress traffic on port 5353. Update the NACLs to block port 5353 outbound.

Use Amazon Athena to query AWS CloudTrail logs in Amazon S3 and look for any traffic on port 5353. Update the security groups to block port 5353 outbound.

19. A company's Security Engineer has been asked to monitor and report all AWS account root user activities.

Which of the following would enable the Security Engineer to monitor and report all root user activities? (Select TWO)

Configuring AWS Organizations to monitor root user API calls on the paying account

Creating an Amazon CloudWatch Events rule that will trigger when any API call from the root user is reported

Configuring Amazon Inspector to scan the AWS account for any root user activity

Configuring AWS Trusted Advisor to send an email to the Security team when the root user logs in to the console

Using Amazon SNS to notify the target group

20. An auditor needs access to logs that record all API events on AWS. The auditor only needs read-only access to the log files and does not need access to each AWS account. The company has multiple AWS accounts, and the auditor needs access to all the logs for all the accounts.

What is the best way to configure access for the auditor to view event logs from all accounts? Choose the correct answer from the options below

Configure the CloudTrail service in each AWS account, and have the logs delivered to an AWS bucket on each account, while granting the auditor permissions to the bucket via roles in the secondary accounts and a single primary IAM account that can assume a read-only role in the secondary AWS accounts.

Configure the CloudTrail service in the primary AWS account and configure consolidated billing for all the secondary accounts. Then grant the auditor access to the S3 bucket that receives the CloudTrail log files.

Configure the CloudTrail service in each AWS account and enable consolidated logging inside of CloudTrail.

Configure the CloudTrail service in each AWS account and have the logs delivered to a single AWS bucket in the primary account and erant the auditor access to that single bucket in the orimarv account.

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21. Company policy requires that all insecure server protocols, such as FTP, Telnet, HTTP, etc be disabled on all servers. The security team would like to regularly check all servers to ensure compliance with this requirement by using a scheduled CloudWatch event to trigger a review of the current infrastructure.

What process will check compliance of the company's EC2 instances?

Trigger an AWS Config Rules evaluation of the restricted-common-ports rule against every EC2 instance.

Query the Trusted Advisor API for all best practice security checks and check for "action recommened" status.

Enable a GuardDuty threat detection analysis targeting the port configuration on every EC2 instance.

Run an Amazon inspector assessment using the Runtime Behavior Analysis rules package against every EC2 instance.

22. A company has multiple AWS accounts that are part of AW5 Organizations. The company's Security team wants to ensure that even those Administrators with full access to the company's AWS accounts are unable to access the company's Amazon S3 buckets

How should this be accomplished?

UseSCPs

Add a permissions boundary to deny access to Amazon S3 and attach it to all roles

Use an S3 bucket policy

Create a VPC endpoint for Amazon S3 and deny statements for access to Amazon S3

23. A Security Engineer creates an Amazon S3 bucket policy that denies access to all users. A few days later, the Security Engineer adds an additional statement to the bucket policy to allow read-only access to one other employee Even after updating the policy the employee still receives an access denied message.

What is the likely cause of this access denial?

The ACL in the bucket needs to be updated.

The IAM policy does not allow the user to access the bucket

It takes a few minutes for a bucket policy to take effect

The allow permission is being overridden by the deny.

24. A company is planning on extending their on-premise AWS Infrastructure to the AWS Cloud. They need to have a solution that would give core benefits of traffic encryption and ensure latency is kept to a minimum.

Which of the following would help fulfil this requirement? Choose 2 answers from the options given below

AWS VPN

AWS VPC Peering

AWS NAT gateways

AWS Direct Connect

25. A company has five AWS accounts and wants to use AWS CloudTrail to log API calls. The log files must be stored in an Amazon S3 bucket that resides in a new account specifically built for centralized services with a unique top-level prefix for each trail. The configuration must also enable detection of any modification to the logs.

Which of the following steps will implement these requirements? (Choose three.)

Create a new S3 bucket in a separate AWS account for centralized storage of CloudTrail logs, and enable “Log File Validation” on all trails.

Use an existing S3 bucket in one of the accounts, apply a bucket policy to the new centralized S3 bucket that permits the CloudTrail service to use the "s3: PutObject" action and the "s3 GetBucketACL" action, and specify the appropriate resource ARNs for the CloudTrail trails.

Apply a bucket policy to the new centralized S3 bucket that permits the CloudTrail service to use the "s3 PutObject" action and the "s3 GelBucketACL" action, and specify the appropriate resource ARNs for the CloudTrail trails.

Use unique log file prefixes for trails in each AWS account.

Configure CloudTrail in the centralized account to log all accounts to the new centralized S3 bucket.

Enable encryption of the log files by using AWS Key Management Service

26. A company is operating an open-source software platform that is internet facing. The legacy software platform no longer receives security updates. The software platform operates using Amazon route 53 weighted load balancing to send traffic to two Amazon EC2 instances that connect to an Amazon POS cluster a recent report suggests this software platform is vulnerable to SQL injection attacks. with samples of attacks provided. The company's security engineer must secure this system against SQL injection attacks within 24 hours. The secure, engineer's solution involve the least amount of effort and maintain normal operations during implementation.

What should the security engineer do to meet these requirements?

Create an Application Load Balancer with the existing EC2 instances as a target group Create an AWS WAF web ACL containing rules mat protect the application from this attach. then apply it to the ALB Test to ensure me vulnerability has been mitigated, then redirect thee Route 53 records to point to the ALB Update security groups on the EC 2 instances to prevent direct access from the internet

Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution specifying one EC2 instance as an origin Create an AWS WAF web ACL containing rules that protect the application from this attack, then apply it to me distribution Test to ensure the vulnerability has mitigated, then redirect the Route 53 records to point to CloudFront

Obtain me latest source code for the platform and make ire necessary updates Test me updated code to ensure that the vulnerability has been irrigated, then deploy me patched version of the platform to the EC2 instances

Update the security group mat is attached to the EC2 instances, removing access from the internet to the TCP port used by the SQL database Create an AWS WAF web ACL containing rules mat protect me application from this attack, men apply it to the EC2 instances Test to ensure me vulnerability has been mitigated. then restore the security group to me onginal setting

27. A Systems Engineer is troubleshooting the connectivity of a test environment that includes a virtual security appliance deployed inline. In addition to using the virtual security appliance, the Development team wants to use security groups and network ACLs to accomplish various security requirements in the environment.

What configuration is necessary to allow the virtual security appliance to route the traffic?

Disable network ACLs.

Configure the security appliance's elastic network interface for promiscuous mode.

Disable the Network Source/Destination check on the security appliance's elastic network interface

Place the security appliance in the public subnet with the internet gateway

28. An organization wants to deploy a three-tier web application whereby the application servers run on Amazon EC2 instances. These EC2 instances need access to credentials that they will use to authenticate their SQL connections to an Amazon RDS DB instance. Also, AWS Lambda functions must issue queries to the RDS database by using the same database credentials.

The credentials must be stored so that the EC2 instances and the Lambda functions can access them. No other access is allowed. The access logs must record when the credentials were accessed and by whom.

What should the Security Engineer do to meet these requirements?

Store the database credentials in AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS). Create an IAM role with access to AWS KMS by using the EC2 and Lambda service principals in the role’s trust policy. Add the role to an EC2 instance profile. Attach the instance profile to the EC2 instances. Set up Lambda to use the new role for execution.

Store the database credentials in AWS KM

Create an IAM role with access to KMS by using the EC2 and Lambda service principals in the role’s trust policy. Add the role to an EC2 instance profile. Attach the instance profile to the EC2 instances and the Lambda function.

Store the database credentials in AWS Secrets Manager. Create an IAM role with access to Secrets Manager by using the EC2 and Lambda service principals in the role’s trust policy. Add the role to an EC2 instance profile. Attach the instance profile to the EC2 instances and the Lambda function.

29. Developers in an organization have moved from a standard application deployment to containers. The Security Engineer is tasked with ensuring that the containers are secure.

Which strategies will reduce the attack surface and enhance the security of the containers? (Select TWO.)

Use the containers to automate security deployments.

Limit resource consumption (CPU, memory), networking connections, ports, and unnecessary container libraries.

Segregate containers by host, function, and data classification.

Use Docker Notary framework to sign task definitions.

Enable container breakout at the host kernel.

30. You need to ensure that the cloudtrail logs which are being delivered in your AWS account is encrypted.

How can this be achieved in the easiest way possible?

Don't do anything since CloudTrail logs are automatically encrypted.

Enable S3-SSE for the underlying bucket which receives the log files

Enable S3-KMS for the underlying bucket which receives the log files

Enable KMS encryption for the logs which are sent to Cloudwatch

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31. A company is using a Redshift cluster to store their data warehouse. There is a requirement from the Internal IT Security team to ensure that data gets encrypted for the Redshift database.

How can this be achieved?

Encrypt the EBS volumes of the underlying EC2 Instances

Use AWS KMS Customer Default master key

Use SSL/TLS for encrypting the data

Use S3 Encryption

32. A company wishes to enable Single Sign On (SSO) so its employees can login to the management console using their corporate directory identity.

Which steps below are required as part of the process? Select 2 answers from the options given below.

Create a Direct Connect connection between on-premise network and AW

Use an AD connector for connecting AWS with on-premise active directory.

Create IAM policies that can be mapped to group memberships in the corporate directory.

Create a Lambda function to assign IAM roles to the temporary security tokens provided to the users.

Create IAM users that can be mapped to the employees' corporate identities

Create an IAM role that establishes a trust relationship between IAM and the corporate directory identity provider (IdP)

33. A company is deploying an Amazon EC2-based application. The application will include a custom health-checking component that produces health status data in JSON format. A Security Engineer must implement a secure solution to monitor application availability in near-real time by analyzing the hearth status data.

Which approach should the Security Engineer use?

Use Amazon CloudWatch monitoring to capture Amazon EC2 and networking metrics Visualize metrics using Amazon CloudWatch dashboards.

Run the Amazon Kinesis Agent to write the status data to Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose Store the streaming data from Kinesis Data Firehose in Amazon Redshift. (hen run a script on the pool data and analyze the data in Amazon Redshift

Write the status data directly to a public Amazon S3 bucket from the health-checking component Configure S3 events to invoke an AWS Lambda function that analyzes the data

Generate events from the health-checking component and send them to Amazon CloudWatch Events. Include the status data as event payloads. Use CloudWatch Events rules to invoke an AWS Lambda function that analyzes the data.

34. A company hosts a critical web application on the AWS Cloud. This is a key revenue generating application for the company. The IT Security team is worried about potential DDos attacks against the web site. The senior management has also specified that immediate action needs to be taken in case of a potential DDos attack.

What should be done in this regard?

Consider using the AWS Shield Service

Consider using VPC Flow logs to monitor traffic for DDos attack and quickly take actions on a trigger of a potential attack.

Consider using the AWS Shield Advanced Service

Consider using Cloudwatch logs to monitor traffic for DDos attack and quickly take actions on a trigger of a potential attack.

35. Your company has defined a number of EC2 Instances over a period of 6 months. They

want to know if any of the security groups allow unrestricted access to a resource.

What is the best option to accomplish this requirement?

Use AWS Inspector to inspect all the security Groups

Use the AWS Trusted Advisor to see which security groups have compromised access.

Use AWS Config to see which security groups have compromised access.

Use the AWS CLI to query the security groups and then filter for the rules which have unrestricted accessd

36. A company has external vendors that must deliver files to the company. These vendors have cross-account that gives them permission to upload objects to one of the company's S3 buckets.

What combination of steps must the vendor follow to successfully deliver a file to the company? Select 2 answers from the options given below

Attach an IAM role to the bucket that grants the bucket owner full permissions to the object

Add a grant to the objects ACL giving full permissions to bucket owner.

Encrypt the object with a KMS key controlled by the company.

Add a bucket policy to the bucket that grants the bucket owner full permissions to the object

Upload the file to the company's S3 bucket

37. A security engineer needs to configure monitonng and auditing for AWS Lambda.

Which combination of actions using AWS services should the security engineer take to accomplish this goal? (Select TWO.)

Use AWS Config to track configuration changes to Lambda functions, runtime environments, tags, handler names, code sizes, memory allocation, timeout settings, and concurrency settings, along with Lambda IAM execution role, subnet, and security group associations.

Use AWS CloudTrail to implement governance, compliance, operational, and risk auditing for Lambda.

Use Amazon Inspector to automatically monitor for vulnerabilities and perform governance, compliance, operational, and risk auditing for Lambda.

Use AWS Resource Access Manager to track configuration changes to Lambda functions, runtime environments, tags, handler names, code sizes, memory allocation, timeout settings, and concurrency settings, along with Lambda IAM execution role, subnet, and security group associations.

Use Amazon Macie to discover, classify, and protect sensitive data being executed inside the Lambda function.

38. An Amazon EC2 instance is denied access to a newly created AWS KMS CMK used for decrypt actions.

The environment has the following configuration:

• The instance is allowed the kms:Decrypt action in its IAM role for all resources

• The AWS KMS CMK status is set to enabled

• The instance can communicate with the KMS API using a configured VPC endpoint

What is causing the issue?

The kms:GenerateDataKey permission is missing from the EC2 instance’s IAM role

The ARN tag on the CMK contains the EC2 instance’s ID instead of the instance’s ARN

The kms:Encrypt permission is missing from the EC2 IAM role

The KMS CMK key policy that enables IAM user permissions is missing

39. Your CTO is very worried about the security of your AWS account.

How best can you prevent hackers from completely hijacking your account?

Use short but complex password on the root account and any administrators.

Use AWS IAM Geo-Lock and disallow anyone from logging in except for in your city.

Use MFA on all users and accounts, especially on the root account.

Don't write down or remember the root account password after creating the AWS account.

40. A security engineer has created an Amazon Cognito user pool. The engineer needs to

manually verify the ID and access token sent by the application for troubleshooting purposes

What is the MOST secure way to accomplish this?

Extract the subject (sub), audience (aud), and cognito:username from the ID token payload Manually check the subject and audience for the user name In the user pool

Search for the public key with a key ID that matches the key ID In the header of the token. Then use a JSON Web Token (JWT) library to validate the signature of the token and extract values, such as the expiry date

Verify that the token is not expired. Then use the token_use claim function In Amazon Cognito to validate the key IDs

Copy the JSON Web Token (JWT) as a JSON document Obtain the public JSON Web Key (JWK) and convert It to a pem file. Then use the file to validate the original JW

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41. Your IT Security team has advised to carry out a penetration test on the resources in their company's AWS Account. This is as part of their capability to analyze the security of the Infrastructure.

What should be done first in this regard?

Turn on Cloud trail and carry out the penetration test

Turn on VPC Flow Logs and carry out the penetration test

Submit a request to AWS Support

Use a custom AWS Marketplace solution for conducting the penetration test

42. An company is using AWS Secrets Manager to store secrets that are encrypted using a CMK and are stored in the security account 111122223333. One of the company's production accounts. 444455556666, must to retrieve the secret values from the security account 111122223333. A security engineer needs to apply a policy to the secret in the security account based on least privilege access so the production account can retrieve the secret value only.

Which policy should the security engineer apply?

Option A

Option B

Option C

Option D

43. The CFO of a company wants to allow one of his employees to view only the AWS usage report page.

Which of the below mentioned IAM policy statements allows the user to have access to the AWS usage report page?

"Effect": "Allow". "Action": ["Describe"], "Resource": "Billing"

"Effect": "Allow", "Action": ["AccountUsage], "Resource": "*"

"Effect': "Allow", "Action": ["aws-portal:ViewUsage"," aws-portal:ViewBilling"], "Resource": "*"

"Effect": "Allow", "Action": ["aws-portal: ViewBilling"], "Resource": "*"

44. The rule set in the virtual appliance is correct

Which of the following are other valid items to troubleshoot in this scenario? (Choose two.)

Verify that the 0.0.0.0/0 route in the route table for the web server subnet points to a NAT gateway.

Verify which Security Group is applied to the particular web server’s elastic network interface (ENI).

Verify that the 0.0.0.0/0 route in the route table for the web server subnet points to the virtual security appliance.

Verify the registered targets in the AL

Verify that the 0.0.0.0/0 route in the public subnet points to a NAT gateway.

45. DDoS attacks that happen at the application layer commonly target web applications with lower volumes of traffic compared to infrastructure attacks. To mitigate these types of attacks, you should probably want to include a WAF (Web Application Firewall) as part of your infrastructure. To inspect all HTTP requests, WAFs sit in-line with your application traffic. Unfortunately, this creates a scenario where WAFs can become a point of failure or bottleneck. To mitigate this problem, you need the ability to run multiple WAFs on demand during traffic spikes. This type of scaling for WAF is done via a "WAF sandwich." Which of the following statements best describes what a "WAF sandwich" is? Choose the correct answer from the options below

The EC2 instance running your WAF software is placed between your private subnets and any NATed connections to the internet.

The EC2 instance running your WAF software is placed between your public subnets and your Internet Gateway.

The EC2 instance running your WAF software is placed between your public subnets and your private subnets.

The EC2 instance running your WAF software is included in an Auto Scaling group and placed in between two Elastic load balancers.

46. A company is hosting sensitive data in an AWS S3 bucket. It needs to be ensured that the bucket always remains private.

How can this be ensured continually? Choose 2 answers from the options given below

Use AWS Config to monitor changes to the AWS Bucket

Use AWS Lambda function to change the bucket policy

Use AWS Trusted Advisor API to monitor the changes to the AWS Bucket

Use AWS Lambda function to change the bucket ACL

47. An application has a requirement to be resilient across not only Availability Zones within the application’s primary region but also be available within another region altogether.

Which of the following supports this requirement for AWS resources that are encrypted by AWS KMS?

Copy the application’s AWS KMS CMK from the source region to the target region so that it can be used to decrypt the resource after it is copied to the target region.

Configure AWS KMS to automatically synchronize the CMK between regions so that it can be used to decrypt the resource in the target region.

Use AWS services that replicate data across regions, and re-wrap the data encryption key created in the source region by using the CMK in the target region so that the target region’s CMK can decrypt the database encryption key.

Configure the target region’s AWS service to communicate with the source region’s AWS KMS so that it can decrypt the resource in the target region.

48. Amazon CloudWatch Logs agent is successfully delivering logs to the CloudWatch Logs service. However, logs stop being delivered after the associated log stream has been active for a specific number of hours.

What steps are necessary to identify the cause of this phenomenon? (Choose two.)

Ensure that file permissions for monitored files that allow the CloudWatch Logs agent to read the file have not been modified.

Verify that the OS Log rotation rules are compatible with the configuration requirements for agent streaming.

Configure an Amazon Kinesis producer to first put the logs into Amazon Kinesis Streams.

Create a CloudWatch Logs metric to isolate a value that changes at least once during the period before logging stops.

Use AWS CloudFormation to dynamically create and maintain the configuration file for the CloudWatch Logs agent.

49. A security engineer has been tasked with implementing a solution that allows the company's development team to have interactive command line access to Amazon EC2 Linux instances using the AWS Management Console.

Which steps should the security engineer take to satisfy this requirement while maintaining least privilege?

Enable AWS Systems Manager in the AWS Management Console and configure for access to EC2 instances using the default AmazonEC2RoleforSSM role. Install the Systems Manager Agent on all EC2 Linux instances that need interactive access. Configure IAM user policies to allow development team access to the Systems Manager Session Manager and attach to the team's IAM users.

Enable console SSH access in the EC2 console. Configure IAM user policies to allow development team access to the AWS Systems Manager Session Manager and attach to the development team's IAM users.

Enable AWS Systems Manager in the AWS Management Console and configure to access EC2 instances using the default AmazonEC2RoleforSSM role. Install the Systems Manager Agent on all EC2 Linux instances that need interactive access. Configure a security group that allows SSH port 22 from all published IP addresses. Configure IAM user policies to allow development team access to the AWS Systems Manager Session Manager and attach to the team's IAM users.

Enable AWS Systems Manager in the AWS Management Console and configure to access EC2 instances using the default AmazonEC2RoleforSSM role Install the Systems Manager Agent on all EC2 Linux instances that need interactive access. Configure IAM policies to allow development team access to the EC2 console and attach to the teams IAM users.

50. An application running on EC2 instances in a VPC must access sensitive data in the data center. The access must be encrypted in transit and have consistent low latency.

Which hybrid architecture will meet these requirements?

Expose the data with a public HTTPS endpoint.

A VPN between the VPC and the data center over a Direct Connect connection

A VPN between the VPC and the data center.

A Direct Connect connection between the VPC and data center

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51. An EC2 Instance hosts a Java based application that access a DynamoDB table. This EC2 Instance is currently serving production based users.

Which of the following is a secure way of ensuring that the EC2 Instance access the Dynamo table

Use IAM Roles with permissions to interact with DynamoDB and assign it to the EC2 Instance

Use KMS keys with the right permissions to interact with DynamoDB and assign it to the EC2 Instance

Use IAM Access Keys with the right permissions to interact with DynamoDB and assign it to the EC2 Instance

Use IAM Access Groups with the right permissions to interact with DynamoDB and assign it to the EC2 Instance

52. Your team is experimenting with the API gateway service for an application. There is a need to implement a custom module which can be used for authentication/authorization for calls made to the API gateway.

How can this be achieved?

Use the request parameters for authorization

Use a Lambda authorizer

Use the gateway authorizer

Use CORS on the API gateway

53. Your developer is using the KMS service and an assigned key in their Java program. They get the below error when running the code arn:aws:iam::113745388712:user/UserB is not authorized to perform: kms:DescribeKey

Which of the following could help resolve the issue?

Ensure that UserB is given the right IAM role to access the key

Ensure that UserB is given the right permissions in the IAM policy

Ensure that UserB is given the right permissions in the Key policy

Ensure that UserB is given the right permissions in the Bucket policy

54. A company is planning to run a number of Admin related scripts using the AWS Lambda service. There is a need to understand if there are any errors encountered when the script run.

How can this be accomplished in the most effective manner?

Use Cloudwatch metrics and logs to watch for errors

Use Cloudtrail to monitor for errors

Use the AWS Config service to monitor for errors

Use the AWS inspector service to monitor for errors

55. A company's AWS account consists of approximately 300 IAM users. Now there is a mandate that an access change is required for 100 IAM users to have unlimited privileges to S3.

As a system administrator, how can you implement this effectively so that there is no need to apply the policy at the individual user level?

Create a new role and add each user to the IAM role

Use the IAM groups and add users, based upon their role, to different groups and apply the policy to group

Create a policy and apply it to multiple users using a JSON script

Create an S3 bucket policy with unlimited access which includes each user's AWS account ID

56. A large corporation is creating a multi-account strategy and needs to determine how its employees should access the AWS infrastructure.

Which of the following solutions would provide the MOST scalable solution?

Create dedicated IAM users within each AWS account that employees can assume through federation based upon group membership in their existing identity provider

Use a centralized account with IAM roles that employees can assume through federation with their existing identity provider Use cross-account roles to allow the federated users to assume their target role in the resource accounts.

Configure the AWS Security Token Service to use Kerberos tokens so that users can use their existing corporate user names and passwords to access AWS resources directly

Configure the IAM trust policies within each account's role to set up a trust back to the corporation's existing identity provider allowing users to assume the role based off their SAML token

57. A company uses user data scripts that contain sensitive information to bootstrap Amazon EC2 instances. A Security Engineer discovers that this sensitive information is viewable by people who should not have access to it.

What is the MOST secure way to protect the sensitive information used to bootstrap the instances?

Store the scripts in the AMI and encrypt the sensitive data using AWS KMS Use the instance role profile to control access to the KMS keys needed to decrypt the data.

Store the sensitive data in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store using the encrypted string parameter and assign the GetParameters permission to the EC2 instance role.

Externalize the bootstrap scripts in Amazon S3 and encrypt them using AWS KM

Remove the scripts from the instance and clear the logs after the instance is configured.

Block user access of the EC2 instance's metadata service using IAM policies. Remove all scripts and clear the logs after execution.

58. You want to ensure that you keep a check on the Active EBS Volumes, Active snapshots and Elastic IP addresses you use so that you don't go beyond the service limit.

Which of the below services can help in this regard?

AWS Cloudwatch

AWS EC2

AWS Trusted Advisor

AWS SNS

59. Your company hosts a large section of EC2 instances in AWS. There are strict security rules governing the EC2 Instances. During a potential security breach, you need to ensure quick investigation of the underlying EC2 Instance.

Which of the following service can help you quickly provision a test environment to look into the breached instance.

AWS Cloudwatch

AWS Cloudformation

AWS Cloudtrail

AWS Config

60. Example.com hosts its internal document repository on Amazon EC2 instances. The application runs on EC2 instances and previously stored the documents on encrypted Amazon EBS volumes. To optimize the application for scale, example.com has moved the files to Amazon S3. The security team has mandated that all the files are securely deleted from the EBS volume, and it must certify that the data is unreadable before releasing the underlying disks.

Which of the following methods will ensure that the data is unreadable by anyone else?

Change the volume encryption on the EBS volume to use a different encryption mechanism. Then, release the EBS volumes back to AW

Release the volumes back to AW

AWS immediately wipes the disk after it is deprovisioned.

Delete the encryption key used to encrypt the EBS volume. Then, release the EBS volumes back to AW

Delete the data by using the operating system delete commands. Run Quick Format on the drive and then release the EBS volumes back to AW

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61. A company had one of its Amazon EC2 key pairs compromised. A Security Engineer must identify which current Linux EC2 instances were deployed and used the compromised key pair.

How can this task be accomplished?

Obtain the list of instances by directly querying Amazon EC2 using: aws ec2 describe-instances --fi1ters "Name=key-name,Values=KEYNAMEHERE".

Obtain the fingerprint for the key pair from the AWS Management Console, then search for the fingerprint in the Amazon Inspector logs.

Obtain the output from the EC2 instance metadata using: curl http: //169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/public- keys/0/.

Obtain the fingerprint for the key pair from the AWS Management Console, then search for the fingerprint in Amazon CloudWatch Logs using: aws logs filter-log-events.

62. An organization is using Amazon CloudWatch Logs with agents deployed on its Linux Amazon EC2 instances. The agent configuration files have been checked and the application log files to be pushed are configured correctly. A review has identified that logging from specific instances is missing.

Which steps should be taken to troubleshoot the issue? (Choose two.)

Use an EC2 run command to confirm that the “awslogs” service is running on all instances.

Verify that the permissions used by the agent allow creation of log groups/streams and to put log events.

Check whether any application log entries were rejected because of invalid time stamps by reviewing /var/cwlogs/rejects.log.

Check that the trust relationship grants the service “cwlogs.amazonaws.com” permission to write objects to the Amazon S3 staging bucket.

Verify that the time zone on the application servers is in UT

63. A company wants to use Cloudtrail for logging all API activity. They want to segregate the logging of data events and management events.

How can this be achieved? Choose 2 answers from the options given below

Create one Cloudtrail log group for data events

Create one trail that logs data events to an S3 bucket

Create another trail that logs management events to another S3 bucket

Create another Cloudtrail log group for management events

64. You have a bucket and a VPC defined in AWS. You need to ensure that the bucket can only be accessed by the VPC endpoint.

How can you accomplish this?

Modify the security groups for the VPC to allow access to the 53 bucket

Modify the route tables to allow access for the VPC endpoint

Modify the IAM Policy for the bucket to allow access for the VPC endpoint

Modify the bucket Policy for the bucket to allow access for the VPC endpoint

65. Your company is planning on using bastion hosts for administering the servers in AWS.

Which of the following is the best description of a bastion host from a security perspective?

A Bastion host should be on a private subnet and never a public subnet due to security concerns

A Bastion host sits on the outside of an internal network and is used as a gateway into the private network and is considered the critical strong point of the network

Bastion hosts allow users to log in using RDP or SSH and use that session to S5H into internal network to access private subnet resources.

A Bastion host should maintain extremely tight security and monitoring as it is available to the public

66. A Security Engineer has created an Amazon CloudWatch event that invokes an AWS Lambda function daily. The Lambda function runs an Amazon Athena query that checks AWS CloudTrail logs in Amazon S3 to detect whether any IAM user accounts or credentials have been created in the past 30 days. The results of the Athena query are created in the same S3 bucket. The Engineer runs a test execution of the Lambda function via the AWS Console, and the function runs successfully.

After several minutes, the Engineer finds that his Athena query has failed with the error message: “Insufficient Permissions”. The IAM permissions of the Security Engineer and the Lambda function are shown below:

Security Engineer

Lambda function execution role

What is causing the error?

The Lambda function does not have permissions to start the Athena query execution.

The Security Engineer does not have permissions to start the Athena query execution.

The Athena service does not support invocation through Lambda.

The Lambda function does not have permissions to access the CloudTrail S3 bucket.

67. A company needs to encrypt all of its data stored in Amazon S3. The company wants to use AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) to create and manage its encryption keys. The company's security policies require the ability to Import the company's own key material for the keys, set an expiration date on the keys, and delete keys immediately, if needed.

How should a security engineer set up AWS KMS to meet these requirements?

Configure AWS KMS and use a custom key store. Create a customer managed CMK with no key material Import the company's keys and key material into the CMK

Configure AWS KMS and use the default Key store Create an AWS managed CMK with no key material Import the company's key material into the CMK

Configure AWS KMS and use the default key store Create a customer managed CMK with no key material import the company's key material into the CMK

Configure AWS KMS and use a custom key store. Create an AWS managed CMK with no key material. Import the company's key material into the CM

68. A water utility company uses a number of Amazon EC2 instances to manage updates to a fleet of 2,000 Internet of Things (IoT) field devices that monitor water quality. These devices each have unique access credentials.

An operational safety policy requires that access to specific credentials is independently auditable.

What is the MOST cost-effective way to manage the storage of credentials?

Use AWS Systems Manager to store the credentials as Secure Strings Parameters. Secure by using an AWS KMS key.

Use AWS Key Management System to store a master key, which is used to encrypt the credentials. The encrypted credentials are stored in an Amazon RDS instance.

Use AWS Secrets Manager to store the credentials.

Store the credentials in a JSON file on Amazon S3 with server-side encryption.

69. A Security Engineer has discovered that, although encryption was enabled on the Amazon S3 bucket example bucket, anyone who has access to the bucket has the ability to retrieve the files. The Engineer wants to limit access to each IAM user can access an assigned folder only.

What should the Security Engineer do to achieve this?

Use envelope encryption with the AWS-managed CMK aws/s3.

Create a customer-managed CMK with a key policy granting “kms:Decrypt” based on the “${aws:username}” variable.

Create a customer-managed CMK for each user. Add each user as a key user in their corresponding key policy.

Change the applicable IAM policy to grant S3 access to “Resource”: “arn:aws:s3:::examplebucket/${aws:username}/*”

70. A company's Chief Security Officer has requested that a Security Analyst review and improve the security posture of each company AWS account The Security Analyst decides to do this by Improving AWS account root user security.

Which actions should the Security Analyst take to meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Delete the access keys for the account root user in every account.

Create an admin IAM user with administrative privileges and delete the account root user in every account.

Implement a strong password to help protect account-level access to the AWS Management Console by the account root user.

Enable multi-factor authentication (MFA) on every account root user in all accounts.

Create a custom IAM policy to limit permissions to required actions for the account root user and attach the policy to the account root user.

Attach an IAM role to the account root user to make use of the automated credential rotation in AWS ST

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71. A company has a VPC with several Amazon EC2 instances behind a NAT gateway. The company's security policy states that all network traffic must be logged and must include the original source and destination IP addresses. The existing VPC Flow Logs do not include this information. A security engineer needs to recommend a solution.

Which combination of steps should the security engineer recommend? (Select TWO)

Edit the existing VPC Flow Logs. Change the log format of the VPC Flow Logs from the Amazon default format to a custom format.

Delete and recreate the existing VPC Flow Logs. Change the log format of the VPC Flow Logs from the Amazon default format to a custom format.

Change the destination to Amazon CloudWatch Logs.

Include the pkt-srcaddr and pkt-dstaddr fields in the log format.

Include the subnet-id and instance-id fields in the log format.

72. A Security Administrator at a university is configuring a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances. The EC2 instances are shared among students, and non-root SSH access is allowed. The Administrator is concerned about students attacking other AWS account resources by using the EC2 instance metadata service.

What can the Administrator do to protect against this potential attack?

Disable the EC2 instance metadata service.

Log all student SSH interactive session activity.

Implement ip tables-based restrictions on the instances.

Install the Amazon Inspector agent on the instances.

73. What are the MOST secure ways to protect the AWS account root user of a recently opened AWS account? (Choose two.)

Use the AWS account root user access keys instead of the AWS Management Console

Enable multi-factor authentication for the AWS IAM users with the AdministratorAccess managed policy attached to them

Enable multi-factor authentication for the AWS account root user

Use AWS KMS to encrypt all AWS account root user and AWS IAM access keys and set automatic rotation to 30 days

Do not create access keys for the AWS account root user; instead, create AWS IAM users

74. You are planning to use AWS Configto check the configuration of the resources in your AWS account. You are planning on using an existing IAM role and using it for the AWS Config resource.

Which of the following is required to ensure the AWS config service can work as required?

Ensure that there is a trust policy in place for the AWS Config service within the role

Ensure that there is a grant policy in place for the AWS Config service within the role

Ensure that there is a user policy in place for the AWS Config service within the role

Ensure that there is a group policy in place for the AWS Config service within the role

75. A company uses Microsoft Active Directory for access management for on-premises resources and wants to use the same mechanism for accessing its AWS accounts. Additionally, the development team plans to launch a public-facing application for which they need a separate authentication solution.

When coma nation of the following would satisfy these requirements? (Select TWO)

Set up domain controllers on Amazon EC2 to extend the on-premises directory to AWS

Establish network connectivity between on-premises and the user's VPC

Use Amazon Cognito user pools for application authentication

Use AD Connector tor application authentication.

Set up federated sign-in to AWS through ADFS and SAM

76. A company is using AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts. The company has an application that allows users to assume the AppUser IAM role to download files from an Amazon S3 bucket that is encrypted with an AWS KMS CMK However when users try to access the files in the S3 bucket they get an access denied error.

What should a Security Engineer do to troubleshoot this error? (Select THREE)

Ensure the KMS policy allows the AppUser role to have permission to decrypt for the CMK

Ensure the S3 bucket policy allows the AppUser role to have permission to get objects for the S3 bucket

Ensure the CMK was created before the S3 bucket.

Ensure the S3 block public access feature is enabled for the S3 bucket.

Ensure that automatic key rotation is disabled for the CMK

Ensure the SCPs within Organizations allow access to the S3 bucket.

77. A company has a set of EC2 Instances hosted in AWS. The EC2 Instances have EBS volumes which is used to store critical information. There is a business continuity requirement to ensure high availability for the EBS volumes.

How can you achieve this?

Use lifecycle policies for the EBS volumes

Use EBS Snapshots

Use EBS volume replication

Use EBS volume encryption

78. Auditors tor a health care company have mandated mat all data volumes be encrypted at rest Infrastructure is deployed mainly via AWS CloudFormation however third-party frameworks and manual deployment are required on some legacy systems.

What is the BEST way to monitor, on a recurring basis, whether all EBS volumes are encrypted?

On a recurring basis, update an IAM user policies to require that EC2 instances are created with an encrypted volume

Configure an AWS Config rule lo run on a recurring basis 'or volume encryption

Set up Amazon Inspector rules tor volume encryption to run on a recurring schedule

Use CloudWatch Logs to determine whether instances were created with an encrypted volume

79. A company has hundreds of AWS accounts, and a centralized Amazon S3 bucket used to collect AWS CloudTrail for all of these accounts. A security engineer wants to create a solution that will enable the company to run ad hoc queues against its CloudTrail logs dating back 3 years from when the trails were first enabled in the company’s AWS account.

How should the company accomplish this with the least amount of administrative overhead?

Run an Amazon EMP cluster that uses a MapReduce job to be examine the CloudTrail trails.

Use the events history/feature of the CloudTrail console to query the CloudTrail trails.

Write an AWS Lambda function to query the CloudTrail trails Configure the Lambda function to be executed whenever a new file is created in the CloudTrail S3 bucket.

Create an Amazon Athena table that tools at the S3 bucket the CloudTrail trails are being written to Use Athena to run queries against the trails.

80. A Security Engineer discovers that developers have been adding rules to security groups that allow SSH and RDP traffic from 0.0.0.0/0 instead of the organization firewall IP.

What is the most efficient way to remediate the risk of this activity?

Delete the internet gateway associated with the VP

Use network access control lists to block source IP addresses matching 0.0.0.0/0.

Use a host-based firewall to prevent access from all but the organization’s firewall I

Use AWS Config rules to detect 0.0.0.0/0 and invoke an AWS Lambda function to update the security group with the organization's firewall I

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81. A global company that deals with International finance is investing heavily in cryptocurrencies and wants to experiment with mining technologies using AWS. The company's security team has enabled Amazon GuardDuty and is concerned by the number of findings being generated by the accounts. The security team wants to minimize the possibility of GuardDuty finding false negatives for compromised instances that are performing mining

How can the security team continue using GuardDuty while meeting these requirements?

In the GuardDuty console, select the CryptoCurrency:EC2/BitcoinTool B'DNS finding and use the suppress findings option

Create a custom AWS Lambda function to process newly detected GuardDuty alerts Process the CryptoCurrency EC2/BitcoinTool BIDNS alert and filter out the high-severity finding types only.

When creating a new Amazon EC2 Instance, provide the instance with a specific tag that indicates it is performing mining operations Create a custom AWS Lambda function to process newly detected GuardDuty alerts and filter for the presence of this tag

When GuardDuty produces a cryptocurrency finding, process the finding with a custom AWS Lambda function to extract the instance ID from the finding Then use the AWS Systems Manager Run Command to check for a running process performing mining operations

82. A Systems Administrator has written the following Amazon S3 bucket policy designed to allow access to an S3 bucket for only an authorized AWS IAM user from the IP address range 10.10.10.0/24:

When trying to download an object from the S3 bucket from 10.10.10.40, the IAM user receives an access denied message.

What does the Administrator need to change to grant access to the user?

Change the “Resource” from “arn: aws:s3:::Bucket” to “arn:aws:s3:::Bucket/*”.

Change the “Principal” from “*” to {AWS:”arn:aws:iam: : account-number: user/username”}

Change the “Version” from “2012-10-17” to the last revised date of the policy

Change the “Action” from [“s3:*”] to [“s3:GetObject”, “s3:ListBucket”]

83. A company requires that IP packet data be inspected for invalid or malicious content.

Which of the following approaches achieve this requirement? (Choose two.)

Configure a proxy solution on Amazon EC2 and route all outbound VPC traffic through it. Perform inspection within proxy software on the EC2 instance.

Configure the host-based agent on each EC2 instance within the VP

Perform inspection within the host-based agent.

Enable VPC Flow Logs for all subnets in the VP

Perform inspection from the Flow Log data within Amazon CloudWatch Logs.

Configure Elastic Load Balancing (ELB) access logs. Perform inspection from the log data within the ELB access log files.

Configure the CloudWatch Logs agent on each EC2 instance within the VP

Perform inspection from the log data within CloudWatch Logs.

84. A company is setting up products to deploy in AWS Service Catalog. Management is concerned that when users launch products, elevated IAM privileges will be required to create resources.

How should the company mitigate this concern?

Add a template constraint to each product in the portfolio.

Add a launch constraint to each product in the portfolio.

Define resource update constraints for each product in the portfolio.

Update the AWS CloudFormalion template backing the product to include a service role configuration.

85. A company has an AWS account and allows a third-party contractor who uses another AWS account, to assume certain IAM roles. The company wants to ensure that IAM roles can be assumed by the contractor only if the contractor has multi-factor authentication enabled on their IAM user accounts

What should the company do to accomplish this?

A)

Option A

Option B

Option C

Option D

86. You company has mandated that all data in AWS be encrypted at rest.

How can you achieve this for EBS volumes? Choose 2 answers from the options given below

Use Windows bit locker for EBS volumes on Windows instances

Use TrueEncrypt for EBS volumes on Linux instances

Use AWS Systems Manager to encrypt the existing EBS volumes

Boot EBS volume can be encrypted during launch without using custom AMI

87. An organization must establish the ability to delete an AWS KMS Customer Master Key (CMK) within a 24-hour timeframe to keep it from being used for encrypt or decrypt operations

Which of the following actions will address this requirement?

Manually rotate a key within KMS to create a new CMK immediately

Use the KMS import key functionality to execute a delete key operation

Use the schedule key deletion function within KMS to specify the minimum wait period for deletion

Change the KMS CMK alias to immediately prevent any services from using the CM

88. You have a set of Keys defined using the AWS KMS service. You want to stop using a couple of keys, but are not sure of which services are currently using the keys.

Which of the following would be a safe option to stop using the keys from further usage?

Delete the keys since anyway there is a 7 day waiting period before deletion

Disable the keys

Set an alias for the key

Change the key material for the key

89. A Security Engineer is working with a Product team building a web application on AWS.

The application uses Amazon S3 to host the static content, Amazon API Gateway to provide RESTful services; and Amazon DynamoDB as the backend data store. The users already exist in a directory that is exposed through a SAML identity provider.

Which combination of the following actions should the Engineer take to enable users to be authenticated into the web application and call APIs? (Choose three.)

Create a custom authorization service using AWS Lambda.

Configure a SAML identity provider in Amazon Cognito to map attributes to the Amazon Cognito user pool attributes.

Configure the SAML identity provider to add the Amazon Cognito user pool as a relying party.

Configure an Amazon Cognito identity pool to integrate with social login providers.

Update DynamoDB to store the user email addresses and passwords.

Update API Gateway to use a COGNITO_USER_POOLS authorizer.

90. You have a set of 100 EC2 Instances in an AWS account. You need to ensure that all of these instances are patched and kept to date. All of the instances are in a private subnet.

How can you achieve this. Choose 2 answers from the options given below

Ensure a NAT gateway is present to download the updates

Use the Systems Manager to patch the instances

Ensure an internet gateway is present to download the updates

Use the AWS inspector to patch the updates

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91. An organization operates a web application that serves users globally. The application runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. There is an Amazon CloudFront distribution in front of the load balancer, and the organization uses AWS WAF. The application is currently experiencing a volumetric attack whereby the attacker is exploiting a bug in a popular mobile game.

The application is being flooded with HTTP requests from all over the world with the User-Agent set to the following string: Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; ExampleCorp; ExampleGame/1.22; Mobile/1.0)

What mitigation can be applied to block attacks resulting from this bug while continuing to service legitimate requests?

Create a rule in AWS WAF rules with conditions that block requests based on the presence of ExampleGame/1.22 in the User-Agent header

Create a geographic restriction on the CloudFront distribution to prevent access to the application from most geographic regions

Create a rate-based rule in AWS WAF to limit the total number of requests that the web application services.

Create an IP-based blacklist in AWS WAF to block the IP addresses that are originating from requests that contain ExampleGame/1.22 in the User-Agent header.

92. After a recent security audit involving Amazon S3, a company has asked assistance reviewing its S3 buckets to determine whether data is properly secured.

The first S3 bucket on the list has the following bucket policy.

Is this bucket policy sufficient to ensure that the data is not publicity accessible?

Yes, the bucket policy makes the whole bucket publicly accessible despite now the S3 bucket ACL or object ACLs are configured.

Yes, none of the data in the bucket is publicity accessible, regardless of how the S3 bucket ACL and object ACLs are configured.

No, the IAM user policy would need to be examined first to determine whether any data is publicly accessible.

No, the S3 bucket ACL and object ACLs need to be examined first to determine whether any data is publicly accessible.

93. A Software Engineer is trying to figure out why network connectivity to an Amazon EC2 instance does not appear to be working correctly. Its security group allows inbound HTTP traffic from 0.0.0.0/0, and the outbound rules have not been modified from the default. A custom network ACL associated with its subnet allows inbound HTTP traffic from 0.0.0.0/0 and has no outbound rules.

What would resolve the connectivity issue?

The outbound rules on the security group do not allow the response to be sent to the client on the ephemeral port range.

The outbound rules on the security group do not allow the response to be sent to the client on the HTTP port.

An outbound rule must be added to the network ACL to allow the response to be sent to the client on the ephemeral port range.

An outbound rule must be added to the network ACL to allow the response to be sent to the client on the HTTP port.

94. To meet regulatory requirements, a Security Engineer needs to implement an IAM policy that restricts the use of AWS services to the us-east-1 Region.

What policy should the Engineer implement?

A)

Option A

Option B

Option C

Option D

95. In response to the past DDoS attack experiences, a Security Engineer has set up an Amazon CloudFront distribution for an Amazon S3 bucket. There is concern that some users may bypass the CloudFront distribution and access the S3 bucket directly.

What must be done to prevent users from accessing the S3 objects directly by using URLs?

Change the S3 bucket/object permission so that only the bucket owner has access.

Set up a CloudFront origin access identity (OAI), and change the S3 bucket/object permission so that only the OAI has access.

Create IAM roles for CloudFront, and change the S3 bucket/object permission so that only the IAM role has access.

Redirect S3 bucket access to the corresponding CloudFront distribution.

96. A company's development team is designing an application using AWS Lambda and Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). The development team needs to create IAM roles to support these systems. The company's security team wants to allow the developers to build IAM roles directly, but the security team wants to retain control over the permissions the developers can delegate to those roles. The development team needs access to more permissions than those required for the application's AWS services. The solution must minimize management overhead.

How should the security team prevent privilege escalation for both teams?

Enable AWS CloudTrail. Create a Lambda function that monitors the event history for privilege escalation events and notifies the security team.

Create a managed IAM policy for the permissions required. Reference the IAM policy as a permissions boundary within the development team's IAM role.

Enable AWS Organizations Create an SCP that allows the IAM CreateUser action but that has a condition that prevents API calls other than those required by the development team

Create an IAM policy with a deny on the IAMCreateUser action and assign the policy to the development team. Use a ticket system to allow the developers to request new IAM roles for their applications. The IAM roles will then be created by the security team.

97. Which of the following is the most efficient way to automate the encryption of AWS CloudTrail logs using a Customer Master Key (CMK) in AWS KMS?

Use the KMS direct encrypt function on the log data every time a CloudTrail log is generated.

Use the default Amazon S3 server-side encryption with S3-managed keys to encrypt and decrypt the CloudTrail logs.

Configure CloudTrail to use server-side encryption using KMS-managed keys to encrypt and decrypt CloudTrail logs.

Use encrypted API endpoints so that all AWS API calls generate encrypted CloudTrail log entries using the TLS certificate from the encrypted API call.

98. A company uses HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) to stream live video content to paying subscribers by using Amazon CloudFront. HLS splits the video content into chunks so that the user can request the right chunk based on different conditions Because the video events last for several hours, the total video is made up of thousands of chunks

The origin URL is not disclosed and every user is forced to access the CloudFront URL The company has a web application that authenticates the paying users against an internal repository and a CloudFront key pair that is already issued.

What is the simplest and MOST effective way to protect the content?

Develop the application to use the CloudFront key pair to create signed URLs that users will use to access the content.

Develop the application to use the CloudFront key pair to set the signed cookies that users will use to access the content.

Develop the application to issue a security token that Lambda@Edge will receive to authenticate and authorize access to the content

Keep the CloudFront URL encrypted inside the application, and use AWS KMS to resolve the URL on-the-fly after the user is authenticated.

99. A Developer signed in to a new account within an AWS Organizations organizations unit (OU) containing multiple accounts.

Access to the Amazon S3 service is restricted with the following SCP:

How can the Security Engineer provide the Developer with Amazon S3 access without affecting other accounts?

Move the SCP to the root OU of Organizations to remove the restriction to access Amazon S3.

Add an IAM policy for the Developer, which grants S3 access.

Create a new OU without applying the SCP restricting S3 access. Move the Developer account to this new O

Add an allow list for the Developer account for the S3 service.

100. Your company has many AWS accounts defined and all are managed via AWS Organizations. One AWS account has a S3 bucket that has critical data.

How can we ensure that all the users in the AWS organisation have access to this bucket?

Ensure the bucket policy has a condition which involves aws:PrincipalOrglD

Ensure the bucket policy has a condition which involves aws:AccountNumber

Ensure the bucket policy has a condition which involves aws:PrincipaliD

Ensure the bucket policy has a condition which involves aws:OrglD

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101. When you enable automatic key rotation for an existing CMK key where the backing key is managed by AWS, after how long is the key rotated?

After 30 days

After 128 days

After 365 days

After 3 years

102. An application uses Amazon Cognito to manage end users’ permissions when directly accessing AWS resources, including Amazon DynamoDB. A new feature request reads as follows:

Provide a mechanism to mark customers as suspended pending investigation or suspended permanently. Customers should still be able to log in when suspended, but should not be able to make changes.

The priorities are to reduce complexity and avoid potential for future security issues.

Which approach will meet these requirements and priorities?

Create a new database field “suspended_status” and modify the application logic to validate that field when processing requests.

Add suspended customers to second Cognito user pool and update the application login flow to check both user pools.

Use Amazon Cognito Sync to push out a “suspension_status” parameter and split the lAM policy into normal users and suspended users.

Move suspended customers to a second Cognito group and define an appropriate IAM access policy for the group.

103. For compliance reasons a Security Engineer must produce a weekly report that lists any instance that does not have the latest approved patches applied. The Engineer must also ensure that no system goes more than 30 days without the latest approved updates being applied

What would the MOST efficient way to achieve these goals?

Use Amazon inspector to determine which systems do not have the latest patches applied, and after 30 days, redeploy those instances with the latest AMI version

Configure Amazon EC2 Systems Manager to report on instance patch compliance and enforce updates during the defined maintenance windows

Examine AWS CloudTrail togs to determine whether any instances have not restarted in the last 30 days, and redeploy those instances

Update the AMls with the latest approved patches and redeploy each instance during the defined maintenance window

104. Which of the following are valid configurations for using SSL certificates with Amazon CloudFront? (Select THREE)

Default AWS Certificate Manager certificate

Custom SSL certificate stored in AWS KMS

Default CloudFront certificate

Custom SSL certificate stored in AWS Certificate Manager

Default SSL certificate stored in AWS Secrets Manager

Custom SSL certificate stored in AWS IAM

105. A company stores critical data in an S3 bucket. There is a requirement to ensure that an extra level of security is added to the S3 bucket. In addition, it should be ensured that objects are available in a secondary region if the primary one goes down.

Which of the following can help fulfil these requirements? Choose 2 answers from the options given below

Enable bucket versioning and also enable CRR

Enable bucket versioning and enable Master Pays

For the Bucket policy add a condition for {"Null": {"aws:MultiFactorAuthAge": true}} i

Enable the Bucket ACL and add a condition for {"Null": {"aws:MultiFactorAuthAge": true}}

106. A company has several workloads running on AWS Employees are required to authenticate using on-premises ADFS and SSO to access the AWS Management Console Developers migrated an existing legacy web application to an Amazon EC2 instance Employees need to access this application from anywhere on the internet but currently, mere is no authentication system but into the application.

How should the Security Engineer implement employee-only access to this system without changing the application?

Place the application behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) Use Amazon Cognito as authentication (or the ALB Define a SAML-based Amazon Cognito user pool and connect it to ADFS implement AWS SSO in the master account and link it to ADFS as an identity provide' Define the EC2 instance as a managed resource, then apply an IAM policy on the resource

Define an Amazon Cognito identity pool then install the connector on the Active Directory server Use the Amazon Cognito SDK on the application instance to authenticate the employees using their

Active Directory user names and passwords

Create an AWS Lambda custom authorizer as the authenticator for a reverse proxy on Amazon EC2 Ensure the security group on Amazon EC2 only allows access from the Lambda function.

107. A Developer is building a serverless application that uses Amazon API Gateway as the front end. The application will not be publicly accessible. Other legacy applications running on Amazon EC2 will make calls to the application A Security Engineer Has been asked to review the security controls for authentication and authorization of the application.

Which combination of actions would provide the MOST secure solution? (Select TWO)

Configure an IAM policy that allows the least permissive actions to communicate with the API Gateway Attach the policy to the role used by the legacy EC2 instances

Enable AWS WAF for API Gateway Configure rules to explicitly allow connections from the legacy EC2 instances

Create a VPC endpoint for API Gateway Attach an IAM resource policy that allows the role of the legacy EC2 instances to call specific APIs

Create a usage plan Generate a set of API keys for each application that needs to call the AP

Configure cross-origin resource sharing (CORS) in each API Share the CORS information with the applications that call the AP

108. Your company is planning on AWS on hosting its AWS resources. There is a company policy which mandates that all security keys are completely managed within the company itself.

Which of the following is the correct measure of following this policy?

Using the AWS KMS service for creation of the keys and the company managing the key lifecycle thereafter.

Generating the key pairs for the EC2 Instances using puttygen

Use the EC2 Key pairs that come with AWS

Use S3 server-side encryption

109. In your LAMP application, you have some developers that say they would like access to your logs. However, since you are using an AWS Auto Scaling group, your instances are constantly being re-created.

What would you do to make sure that these developers can access these log files? Choose the correct answer from the options below

Give only the necessary access to the Apache servers so that the developers can gain access to the log files.

Give root access to your Apache servers to the developers.

Give read-only access to your developers to the Apache servers.

Set up a central logging server that you can use to archive your logs; archive these logs to an S3 bucket for developer-access.

110. A Systems Engineer has been tasked with configuring outbound mail through Simple Email Service (SES) and requires compliance with current TLS standards.

The mail application should be configured to connect to which of the following endpoints and corresponding ports?

email.us-east-1.amazonaws.com over port 8080

email-pop3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com over port 995

email-smtp.us-east-1.amazonaws.com over port 587

email-imap.us-east-1.amazonaws.com over port 993

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111. A company stores data on an Amazon EBS volume attached to an Amazon EC2 instance. The data is asynchronously replicated to an Amazon S3 bucket. Both the EBS volume and the S3 bucket are encrypted with the same AWS KMS Customer Master Key (CMK). A former employee scheduled a deletion of that CMK before leaving the company.

The company’s Developer Operations department learns about this only after the CMK has been deleted.

Which steps must be taken to address this situation?

Copy the data directly from the EBS encrypted volume before the volume is detached from the EC2 instance.

Recover the data from the EBS encrypted volume using an earlier version of the KMS backing key.

Make a request to AWS Support to recover the S3 encrypted data.

Make a request to AWS Support to restore the deleted CMK, and use it to recover the data.

112. You are planning on using the AWS KMS service for managing keys for your application.

For which of the following can the KMS CMK keys be used for encrypting? Choose 2 answers from the options given below

Image Objects

Large files

Password

RSA Keys

113. A company has two AWS accounts, each containing one VPC. The first VPC has a VPN connection with its corporate network. The second VPC, without a VPN, hosts an Amazon Aurora database cluster in private subnets.

Developers manage the Aurora database from a bastion host in a public subnet as shown in the image.

A security review has flagged this architecture as vulnerable, and a Security Engineer has been asked to make this design more secure. The company has a short deadline and a second VPN connection to the Aurora account is not possible.

How can a Security Engineer securely set up the bastion host?

Move the bastion host to the VPC with VPN connectivity. Create a VPC peering relationship between the bastion host VPC and Aurora VP

Create a SSH port forwarding tunnel on the Developer’s workstation to the bastion host to ensure that only authorized SSH clients can access the bastion host.

Move the bastion host to the VPC with VPN connectivity. Create a cross-account trust relationship between the bastion VPC and Aurora VPC, and update the Aurora security group for the relationship.

Create an AWS Direct Connect connection between the corporate network and the Aurora account, and adjust the Aurora security group for this connection.

114. A company has a forensic logging use case whereby several hundred applications running on Docker on EC2 need to send logs to a central location. The Security Engineer must create a logging solution that is able to perform real-time analytics on the log files, grants the ability to replay events, and persists data.

Which AWS Services, together, can satisfy this use case? (Select two.)

Amazon Elasticsearch

Amazon Kinesis

Amazon SQS

Amazon CloudWatch

Amazon Athena

115. During a recent security audit, it was discovered that multiple teams in a large organization have placed restricted data in multiple Amazon S3 buckets, and the data may have been exposed. The auditor has requested that the organization identify all possible objects that contain personally identifiable information (PII) and then determine whether this information has been accessed.

What solution will allow the Security team to complete this request?

Using Amazon Athena, query the impacted S3 buckets by using the PII query identifier function. Then, create a new Amazon CloudWatch metric for Amazon S3 object access to alert when the objects are accessed.

Enable Amazon Macie on the S3 buckets that were impacted, then perform data classification. For identified objects that contain PII, use the research function for auditing AWS CloudTrail logs and S3 bucket logs for GET operations.

Enable Amazon GuardDuty and enable the PII rule set on the S3 buckets that were impacted, then perform data classification. Using the PII findings report from GuardDuty, query the S3 bucket logs by using Athena for GET operations.

Enable Amazon Inspector on the S3 buckets that were impacted, then perform data classification. For identified objects that contain PII, query the S3 bucket logs by using Athena for GET operations.

116. AWS CloudTrail is being used to monitor API calls in an organization. An audit revealed that CloudTrail is failing to deliver events to Amazon S3 as expected.

What initial actions should be taken to allow delivery of CloudTrail events to S3? (Select two.)

Verify that the S3 bucket policy allow CloudTrail to write objects.

Verify that the IAM role used by CloudTrail has access to write to Amazon CloudWatch Logs.

Remove any lifecycle policies on the S3 bucket that are archiving objects to Amazon Glacier.

Verify that the S3 bucket defined in CloudTrail exists.

Verify that the log file prefix defined in CloudTrail exists in the S3 bucket.

117. A Developer reported that AWS CloudTrail was disabled on their account. A Security Engineer investigated the account and discovered the event was undetected by the current security solution. The Security Engineer must recommend a solution that will detect future changes to the CloudTrail configuration and send alerts when changes occur.

What should the Security Engineer do to meet these requirements?

Use AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM) to monitor the AWS CloudTrail configuration. Send notifications using Amazon SN

Create an Amazon CloudWatch Events rule to monitor Amazon GuardDuty findings. Send email notifications using Amazon SN

Update security contact details in AWS account settings for AWS Support to send alerts when suspicious activity is detected.

Use Amazon Inspector to automatically detect security issues. Send alerts using Amazon SN

118. A company has decided to use encryption in its AWS account to secure the objects in Amazon S3 using server-side encryption. Object sizes range from 16.000 B to 5 MB.

The requirements are as follows:

• The key material must be generated and stored in a certified Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 140-2 Level 3 machine.

• The key material must be available in multiple Regions.

Which option meets these requirements?

Use an AWS KMS customer managed key and store the key material in AWS with replication across Regions

Use an AWS customer managed key, import the key material into AWS KMS using in-house AWS CloudHS

and store the key material securely in Amazon S3.

Use an AWS KMS custom key store backed by AWS CloudHSM clusters, and copy backups across Regions

Use AWS CloudHSM to generate the key material and backup keys across Regions Use the Java Cryptography Extension (JCE) and Public Key Cryptography Standards #11 (PKCS #11) encryption libraries to encrypt and decrypt the data.

119. You are responsible to deploying a critical application onto AWS. Part of the requirements for this application is to ensure that the controls set for this application met PCI compliance. Also there is a need to monitor web application logs to identify any malicious activity.

Which of the following services can be used to fulfil this requirement? Choose 2 answers from the options given below

Amazon Cloudwatch Logs

Amazon VPC Flow Logs

Amazon AWS Config

Amazon Cloudtrail

120. There is a requirement for a company to transfer large amounts of data between AWS and an on-premise location. There is an additional requirement for low latency and high consistency traffic to AWS.

Given these requirements how would you design a hybrid architecture? Choose the correct answer from the options below

Provision a Direct Connect connection to an AWS region using a Direct Connect partner.

Create a VPN tunnel for private connectivity, which increases network consistency and reduces latency.

Create an iPSec tunnel for private connectivity, which increases network consistency and reduces latency.

Create a VPC peering connection between AWS and the Customer gateway.

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121. An AWS account administrator created an IAM group and applied the following managed policy to require that each individual user authenticate using multi-factor authentication:

After implementing the policy, the administrator receives reports that users are unable to perform Amazon EC2 commands using the AWS CLI.

What should the administrator do to resolve this problem while still enforcing multi-factor authentication?

Change the value of aws MultiFactorAuthPresent to true.

Instruct users to run the aws sts get-session-token CLI command and pass the multi-factor authentication ―serial-number and ―token-code parameters. Use these resulting values to make API/CLI calls

Implement federated API/CLI access using SAML 2.0, then configure the identity provider to enforce multi-factor authentication.

Create a role and enforce multi-factor authentication in the role trust policy Instruct users to run the sts assume-role CLI command and pass --serial-number and ―token-code parameters Store the resulting values in environment variables. Add sts:AssumeRole to NotAction in the policy.

122. Every application in a company's portfolio has a separate AWS account for development and production. The security team wants to prevent the root user and all IAM users in the production accounts from accessing a specific set of unneeded services.

How can they control this functionality?

Create a Service Control Policy that denies access to the services. Assemble all production accounts in an organizational unit. Apply the policy to that organizational unit.

Create a Service Control Policy that denies access to the services. Apply the policy to the root account.

Create an IAM policy that denies access to the services. Associate the policy with an IAM group and enlist all users and the root users in this group.

Create an IAM policy that denies access to the services. Create a Config Rule that checks that all users have the policy m assigned. Trigger a Lambda function that adds the policy when found missing.

123. Which of the following minimizes the potential attack surface for applications?

Use security groups to provide stateful firewalls for Amazon EC2 instances at the hypervisor level.

Use network ACLs to provide stateful firewalls at the VPC level to prevent access to any specific AWS resource.

Use AWS Direct Connect for secure trusted connections between EC2 instances within private subnets.

Design network security in a single layer within the perimeter network (also known as DMZ, demilitarized zone, and screened subnet) to facilitate quicker responses to threats.

124. A company uses AWS Organization to manage 50 AWS accounts. The finance staff members log in as AWS IAM users in the FinanceDept AWS account. The staff members need to read the consolidated billing information in the MasterPayer AWS account. They should not be able to view any other resources in the MasterPayer AWS account. IAM access to billing has been enabled in the MasterPayer account.

Which of the following approaches grants the finance staff the permissions they require without granting any unnecessary permissions?

Create an IAM group for the finance users in the FinanceDept account, then attach the AWS managed ReadOnlyAccess IAM policy to the group.

Create an IAM group for the finance users in the MasterPayer account, then attach the AWS managed ReadOnlyAccess IAM policy to the group.

Create an AWS IAM role in the FinanceDept account with the ViewBilling permission, then grant the finance users in the MasterPayer account the permission to assume that role.

Create an AWS IAM role in the MasterPayer account with the ViewBilling permission, then grant the finance users in the FinanceDept account the permission to assume that role.

125. A company wants to control access to its AWS resources by using identities and groups that are defined in its existing Microsoft Active Directory.

What must the company create in its AWS account to map permissions for AWS services to Active Directory user attributes?

AWS IAM groups

AWS IAM users

AWS IAM roles

AWS IAM access keys

126. A company is using AWS Secrets Manager to store secrets for its production Amazon RDS database. The Security Officer has asked that secrets be rotated every 3 months.

Which solution would allow the company to securely rotate the secrets? (Select TWO.)

Place the RDS instance in a public subnet and an AWS Lambda function outside the VP

Schedule the Lambda function to run every 3 months to rotate the secrets.

Place the RDS instance in a private subnet and an AWS Lambda function inside the VPC in the private subnet. Configure the private subnet to use a NAT gateway. Schedule the Lambda function to run every 3 months to rotate the secrets.

Place the RDS instance in a private subnet and an AWS Lambda function outside the VP

Configure the private subnet to use an internet gateway. Schedule the Lambda function to run every 3 months lo rotate the secrets.

Place the RDS instance in a private subnet and an AWS Lambda function inside the VPC in the private subnet. Schedule the Lambda function to run quarterly to rotate the secrets.

Place the RDS instance in a private subnet and an AWS Lambda function inside the VPC in the private subnet. Configure a Secrets Manager interface endpoint. Schedule the Lambda function to run every 3 months to rotate the secrets.

127. A company is planning on using AWS EC2 and AWS Cloudfrontfor their web application.

For which one of the below attacks is usage of Cloudfront most suited for?

Cross side scripting

SQL injection

DDoS attacks

Malware attacks

128. You are planning on hosting a web application on AWS. You create an EC2 Instance in a public subnet. This instance needs to connect to an EC2 Instance that will host an Oracle database.

Which of the following steps should be followed to ensure a secure setup is in place? Select 2 answers.

Place the EC2 Instance with the Oracle database in the same public subnet as the Web server for faster communication

Place the EC2 Instance with the Oracle database in a separate private subnet

Create a database security group and ensure the web security group to allowed incoming access

Ensure the database security group allows incoming traffic from 0.0.0.0/0

129. A company has resources hosted in their AWS Account. There is a requirement to monitor all API activity for all regions. The audit needs to be applied for future regions as well.

Which of the following can be used to fulfil this requirement?

Ensure Cloudtrail for each region. Then enable for each future region.

Ensure one Cloudtrail trail is enabled for all regions.

Create a Cloudtrail for each region. Use Cloudformation to enable the trail for all future regions.

Create a Cloudtrail for each region. Use AWS Config to enable the trail for all future regions.

130. A security engineer is auditing a production system and discovers several additional IAM roles that are not required and were not previously documented during the last audit 90 days ago. The engineer is trying to find out who created these IAM roles and when they were created. The solution must have the lowest operational overhead.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Import AWS CloudTrail logs from Amazon S3 into an Amazon Elasticsearch Service cluster, and search through the combined logs for CreateRole events.

Create a table in Amazon Athena for AWS CloudTrail events. Query the table in Amazon Athena for CreateRole events.

Use AWS Config to look up the configuration timeline for the additional IAM roles and view the linked AWS CloudTrail event.

Download the credentials report from the IAM console to view the details for each IAM entity, including the creation dates.

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131. An organization has tens of applications deployed on thousands of Amazon EC2 instances. During testing, the Application team needs information to let them know whether the network access control lists (network ACLs) and security groups are working as expected.

How can the Application team’s requirements be met?

Turn on VPC Flow Logs, send the logs to Amazon S3, and use Amazon Athena to query the logs.

Install an Amazon Inspector agent on each EC2 instance, send the logs to Amazon S3, and use Amazon EMR to query the logs.

Create an AWS Config rule for each network ACL and security group configuration, send the logs to Amazon S3, and use Amazon Athena to query the logs.

Turn on AWS CloudTrail, send the trails to Amazon S3, and use AWS Lambda to query the trails.

132. A security engineer has noticed that VPC Flow Logs are getting a lot REJECT traffic originating from a single Amazon EC2 instance in an Auto Scaling group. The security engineer is concerned that this EC2 instance may be compromised.

What immediate action should the security engineer take?

Remove me instance from the Auto Seating group Close me security group mm ingress only from a single forensic P address to perform an analysis.

Remove me instance from the Auto Seating group Change me network ACL rules to allow traffic only from a single forensic IP address to perform en analysis Add a rule to deny all other traffic.

Remove the instance from the Auto Scaling group Enable Amazon GuardDuty in that AWS account Install the Amazon Inspector agent cm the suspicious EC 2 instance to perform a scan.

Take a snapshot of the suspicious EC2 instance. Create a new EC2 instance from me snapshot in a closed security group with ingress only from a single forensic IP address to perform an analysis

133. A website currently runs on Amazon EC2 with mostly static content on the site. Recently, the site was subjected to a ODoS attack, and a Security Engineer was tasked with redesigning the edge security to help mitigate this risk in the future

What are some ways the Engineer could achieve this? (Select THREE)

Use AWS X-Ray to inspect the traffic going 10 the EC2 instances

Move the state content to Amazon S3 and font this with an Amazon CloudFront distribution

Change the security group configuration to block the source of the attack traffic

Use AWS WAF security rules to inspect the inbound traffic

Use Amazon inspector assessment templates to inspect the inbound traffic

Use Amazon Route 53 to distribute traffic

134. A company needs to use HTTPS when connecting to its web applications to meet compliance requirements. These web applications run in Amazon VPC on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). A security engineer wants to ensure that the load balancer win only accept connections over port 443. even if the ALB is mistakenly configured with an HTTP listener

Which configuration steps should the security engineer take to accomplish this task?

Create a security group with a rule that denies Inbound connections from 0.0.0 0/0 on port 00. Attach this security group to the ALB to overwrite more permissive rules from the ALB's default security group.

Create a network ACL that denies inbound connections from 0 0.0.0/0 on port 80 Associate the network ACL with the VPC s internet gateway

Create a network ACL that allows outbound connections to the VPC IP range on port 443 only. Associate the network ACL with the VPC's internet gateway.

Create a security group with a single inbound rule that allows connections from 0.0.0 0/0 on port 443. Ensure this security group is the only one associated with the ALB

135. A security engineer is responsible for providing secure access to AWS resources for thousands of developer in a company’s corporate identity provider (idp). The developers access a set of AWS services from the corporate premises using IAM credential. Due to the velum of require for provisioning new IAM users, it is taking a long time to grant access permissions. The security engineer receives reports that developer are sharing their IAM credentials with others to avoid provisioning delays. The causes concern about overall security for the security engineer.

Which actions will meet the program requirements that address security?

Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm for AWS CloudTrail Events Create a metric filter to send a notification when me same set of IAM credentials is used by multiple developer

Create a federation between AWS and the existing corporate IdP Leverage IAM roles to provide federated access to AWS resources

Create a VPN tunnel between the corporate premises and the VPC Allow permissions to all AWS services only if it originates from corporate premises.

Create multiple IAM rotes for each IAM user Ensure that users who use the same IAM credentials cannot assume the same IAM role at the same time.

136. A Security Architect is evaluating managed solutions for storage of encryption keys.

The requirements are:

- Storage is accessible by using only VPCs.

- Service has tamper-evident controls.

- Access logging is enabled.

- Storage has high availability.

Which of the following services meets these requirements?

Amazon S3 with default encryption

AWS CloudHSM

Amazon DynamoDB with server-side encryption

AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store

137. Your company is hosting a set of EC2 Instances in AWS. They want to have the ability to detect if any port scans occur on their AWS EC2 Instances.

Which of the following can help in this regard?

Use AWS inspector to consciously inspect the instances for port scans

Use AWS Trusted Advisor to notify of any malicious port scans

Use AWS Config to notify of any malicious port scans

Use AWS Guard Duty to monitor any malicious port scans

138. A Security Engineer is setting up an AWS CloudTrail trail for all regions in an AWS account. For added security, the logs are stored using server-side encryption with AWS KMS-managed keys (SSE-KMS) and have log integrity validation enabled.

While testing the solution, the Security Engineer discovers that the digest files are readable, but the log files are not.

What is the MOST likely cause?

The log files fail integrity validation and automatically are marked as unavailable.

The KMS key policy does not grant the Security Engineer's IAM user or role permissions to decrypt with it.

The bucket is set up to use server-side encryption with Amazon S3-managed keys (SSE-S3) as the default and does not allow SSE-KMS-encrypted files.

An IAM policy applicable to the Security Engineer’s IAM user or role denies access to the "CloudTrail/" prefix in the Amazon S3 bucket

139. Your development team has started using AWS resources for development purposes. The AWS account has just been created. Your IT Security team is worried about possible leakage of AWS keys.

What is the first level of measure that should be taken to protect the AWS account.

Delete the AWS keys for the root account

Create IAM Groups

Create IAM Roles

Restrict access using IAM policies

140. A Security Engineer launches two Amazon EC2 instances in the same Amazon VPC but in separate Availability Zones. Each instance has a public IP address and is able to connect to external hosts on the internet. The two instances are able to communicate with each other by using their private IP addresses, but they are not able to communicate with each other when using their public IP addresses.

Which action should the Security Engineer take to allow communication over the public IP addresses?

Associate the instances to the same security groups.

Add 0.0.0.0/0 to the egress rules of the instance security groups.

Add the instance IDs to the ingress rules of the instance security groups.

Add the public IP addresses to the ingress rules of the instance security groups.

SCS-C01 AWS Certified Security Specialty Dumps Questions

SCS-C01 AWS Certified Security Specialty Dumps Questions

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